RESUMEN La economía mexicana es considerada una de las economías exportadoras de manufacturas más exitosas en el mundo, sin embargo, a pesar de la cantidad de tratados y acuerdos que existen con los países de la región, su desempeño comercial con Centroamérica y Sudamérica ha sido tradicionalmente pobre. El trabajo examina de manera empírica el comportamiento del comercio intra-industrial (CII) mexicano con las economías más representativas de la región latinoamericana a través de la estimación del índice Grubel-Lloyd (IGL). Este índice, sin ser catalogado como una medida perfecta, ha sido valorado como un buen indicador de la integración de la industria manufacturera en las economías desarrolladas. Las estimaciones realizadas con base en la Clasificación Uniforme de Comercio Internacional (CUCI) para este grupo de países concluyen que existe evidencia favorable para presumir que el comercio intra-industrial de México con los países de la región se ve influenciado por el nivel de desarrollo económico e industrial de los países participantes más que por cuestiones de acercamiento regional. PALABRAS CLAVE México, comercio intra-industrial, Centroamérica, Sudamérica. ABSTRACT The Mexican economy is one of the most successful exporting economies around the world. However, despite the number of agreements that exist with the Latin American countries, the trade performance with Central and South America has traditionally been poor. This paper explores, in an empirical way, the behavior of Mexican's intra-industrial trade (CII) with the most representative economies of Central and South America through the Grubel-Lloyd index (IGL). The Grubel-Lloyd Index (IGL) is an imperfect measure of integration but has been valued as a good indicator of the integration of the manufacturing industry into the developed economies. The estimations carried out with the International Standard Classification of International Trade (SITC) for this group of countries show that there is evidence to assume that Mexico's intra-industry trade with the countries of the region is influenced by the level of economic development and Industrial development due to the regional approach.
Creative Commons IGO 3.0 Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC-IGO BY-NC-ND 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/igo/legalcode) and may be reproduced with attribution to the IDB and for any non-commercial purpose. No derivative work is allowed.Any dispute related to the use of the works of the IDB that cannot be settled amicably shall be submitted to arbitration pursuant to the UNCITRAL rules. The use of the IDB's name for any purpose other than for attribution, and the use of IDB's logo shall be subject to a separate written license agreement between the IDB and the user and is not authorized as part of this CC-IGO license.Note that link provided above includes additional terms and conditions of the license.The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Inter-American Development Bank, its Board of Directors, or the countries they represent. The report argues that, having overcome the longest trade contraction in recent history, the outlook for LAC countries is substantially less favorable than the one that prevailed before the crisis. In this context, the region's competitiveness limitations become more pervasive and magnify the impact of exogenous factors, such as the decline in commodity prices and the emergence of protectionist tendencies that could restrict access to key markets. The value of exports from Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) started to recover in 2016, and increased a notable 13.2% year-on-year in the first half of 2017. The regional recovery, however, was driven by a volatile increase in prices associated with a fragile expansion of export volumes, concentrated moreover in a few economies.Despite the recent trend reversal, in a medium-term perspective, the region has lost participation in several markets, particularly the intraregional one, and mostly due to low competitiveness. Coming out of the longest trade recession in its recent history, LAC faces a global scenario in which the tailwinds that sustained the pre-crisis growth have run out, and uncertainty regarding access to external markets has increased. This outlook underscores the urgent need of adopting policies to stimulate productivity and improve the region's competitive position in international markets, and to take advantage of the opportunities generated by disruptive technologies such as electronic commerce.This edition of the Trade and Integration Monitor identifies the factors that drove the recent recovery in LAC exports, examines their sustainability and, looking forward, maps the region's competitiveness in the digital era.The recovery of regional exports of goods has been primarily driven by a rebound in commodity prices, while trade in services has been displaying greater resilience. Projections for the second half of 2017 nonetheless point to a growth slowdown.LAC benefited from increases in the price of oil and other mineral commodities, but From a medium-term perspective, Latin American and Caribbean expor...
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