Permutation sorting, one of the fundamental steps in pre-processing data for the efficient application of other algorithms, has a long history in mathematical research literature and has numerous applications. Two special-purpose sorting operations are considered in this paper: context directed swap, (cds) and context directed reversal, (cdr). These are special cases of sorting operations that were studied in prior work on permutation sorting. Moreover, cds and cdr have been postulated to model molecular sorting events that occur in the genome maintenance program of certain species of single-celled organisms called ciliates. This paper investigates mathematical aspects of these two sorting operations. The main result of this paper is a generalization of previously discovered characterizations of cds-sortability of a permutation. The combinatorial structure underlying this generalization suggests natural combinatorial two-player games. These games are the main mathematical innovation of this paper.
Permutation sorting, one of the fundamental steps in pre-processing data for the efficient application of other algorithms, has a long history in mathematical research literature and has numerous applications. Two special-purpose sorting operations are considered in this paper: context directed swap, abbreviated cds, and context directed reversal, abbreviated cdr. These are special cases of sorting operations that were studied in prior work on permutation sorting. Moreover, cds and cdr have been postulated to model molecular sorting events that occur in the genome maintenance program of certain species of singlecelled organisms called ciliates.This paper investigates mathematical aspects of these two sorting operations. The main result of this paper is a generalization of previously discovered characterizations of cdssortability of a permutation. The combinatorial structure underlying this generalization suggests natural combinatorial two-player games. These games are the main mathematical innovation of this paper.
Twisted topological Hochschild homology of Cn-equivariant spectra was introduced by Angeltveit, Blumberg, Gerhardt, Hill, Lawson, and Mandell, building on the work of Hill, Hopkins, and Ravenel on norms in equivariant homotopy theory. In this paper we introduce tools for computing twisted THH, which we apply to computations for Thom spectra, Eilenberg-MacLane spectra, and the real bordism spectrum M U R . In particular, we construct an equivariant version of the Bökstedt spectral sequence, the formulation of which requires further development of the Hochschild homology of Green functors, first introduced by Blumberg, Gerhardt, Hill, and Lawson.
Shadows for bicategories, defined by Ponto, provide a useful framework that generalizes classical and topological Hochschild homology. In this paper, we define Hochschild-type invariants for monoids in a symmetric monoidal, simplicial model category $\mathsf V$, as well as for small $\mathsf V$-categories. We show that each of these constructions extends to a shadow on an appropriate bicategory, which implies in particular that they are Morita invariant. We also define a generalized theory of Hochschild homology twisted by an automorphism and show that it is Morita invariant. Hochschild homology of Green functors and $C_n$-twisted topological Hochschild homology fit into this framework, which allows us to conclude that these theories are Morita invariant. We also study linearization maps relating the topological and algebraic theories, proving that the linearization map for topological Hochschild homology arises as a lax shadow functor, and constructing a new linearization map relating topological restriction homology and algebraic restriction homology. Finally, we construct a twisted Dennis trace map from the fixed points of equivariant algebraic $K$-theory to twisted topological Hochschild homology.
Shadows for bicategories, defined by Ponto, provide a useful framework that generalizes classical and topological Hochschild homology. In this paper, we define Hochschild-type invariants for monoids in a symmetric monoidal, simplicial model category V, as well as for small V-categories and monoids in V equipped with an automorphism. We show that each of these constructions extends to a shadow on an appropriate bicategory, which implies in particular that they are Morita invariant. We demonstrate that Hochschild homology of Green functors and Cn-twisted topological Hochschild homology fit into this framework and therefore extend to bicategorical shadows, whence these theories are Morita invariant. Moreover, the associated linearization maps in each case are lax shadow functors. Finally, we construct a twisted Dennis trace map from the fixed points of equivariant algebraic K-theory to twisted topological Hochschild homology.
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