Zusammenfassung. Die Kurzversion des Big Five Inventory für Kinder und Jugendliche (BFI-K KJ) stellt einen deutschsprachigen Selbstbeurteilungsfragebogen zur Erfassung von Extraversion, Verträglichkeit, Gewissenhaftigkeit, Neurotizismus und Offenheit für Erfahrungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen dar. Der Fragebogen wurde basierend auf einer Stichprobe von N = 267 Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 9 bis 16 Jahren ( M = 11.77, SD = 2.08; 52 % Mädchen) entwickelt und umfasst 26 Items. Die internen Konsistenzanalysen, Retest-Reliabilitäten und Interkorrelationen der Skalen sprechen für die Zuverlässigkeit des Verfahrens. Auch erweist sich das Verfahren als valide: So konnten (a) die 5-Faktoren-Struktur in einer Exploratorischen Faktorenanalyse (EFA) sowie in einem Explorativen Strukturgleichungsmodell (ESEM) bestätigt, (b) die konvergente und diskriminante Validität gestützt, (c) die aus der Literatur bekannten Zusammenhänge der Big Five mit Außenkriterien wie Alter und Geschlecht und (d) die Kriteriumsvalidität an einer klinischen Stichprobe aufgezeigt werden. Mit dem BFI-K KJ liegt demnach ein ökonomisches sowie reliables und valides Verfahren zur Erfassung der Big Five-Persönlichkeitsfaktoren für Kinder und Jugendliche vor.
This paper reviews research on young migrants in Germany. Particular attention is given to the question of how Germany’s history of migration, immigration policies, and public attitude toward migrants influence the transcultural adaptation of children and adolescents from different ethnic backgrounds. We combine past research with the results of new empirical studies in order to shed light on migrants’ psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Studies comparing young migrants and their German peers in terms of psychological well-being, life satisfaction, and mental health outcome suggest higher rates of emotional and behavioral problems among migrants of most age groups. With regard to adolescent populations between the ages of 14 and 17 years, however, the existence of differences between migrants and natives appears to be less clear. Research has also yielded inconsistent findings regarding the time trajectory of transcultural adaptation among adolescents. The coincidence of acculturation and age-related change is discussed as a possible source of these inconsistencies. Further, we provide an overview of risk and protective factors such as conflicting role expectations and ethnic discrimination, which may cause heightened vulnerability to adverse adaptation outcomes in some groups. Large-scale studies have repeatedly shown migrants of all age groups to be less successful within the German school system, indicating poor sociocultural adaptation. Possible explanations, such as the idiosyncrasies of the German school system, are presented. Our own studies contribute to the understanding of young migrants’ adaptation process by showing that it is their orientation to German culture, rather than the acculturation strategy of integration, that leads to the most positive psychological and sociocultural outcomes. The paper concludes by discussing implications for future cross-cultural research on young migrants and by suggesting recommendations for multicultural policies.
This paper describes the development and psychometric properties of the Frankfurt Youth Acculturation Scale (FRACC-Y), a bidimensional instrument designed to assess orientation to culture of origin, orientation to host culture and acculturation strategy (i.e. assimilation, integration, separation and marginalization). Data were obtained from 292 adolescents in two German cities. Results of confirmatory factor analysis supported the postulated two-factor solution. The first 7-item factor measures orientation toward host culture, the second 5-item factor assesses orientation toward culture of origin. Both subscales yielded adequate internal reliability. Evidence for concurrent and discriminant validity is provided and implications for future research of acculturation in adolescents are discussed.
Abstract. The other-rating version of the Big Five Inventory for Children and Adolescents (BFI-K KJ-F) serves to record the five basic personality traits of Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism and Openness to Experience via reference persons and it is an addition to the German-language self-assessment questionnaire for children and adolescents (BFI-K KJ; Kupper, Krampen, Rammstedt, & Rohrmann, 2019 ). To determine the psychometric characteristics of the questionnaire comprising 26 items, personality assessments of 258 reference persons (predominantly parents) of 9–16-year-old children and adolescents ( M = 11.66, SD = 2.04; 52% girls) are available. The reliability of the method could be substantiated by internal consistency analyses (Cronbach’s α = .70–.86 and McDonald’s ω = .71–.86, respectively) and a retest analysis ( rp,tt = .74–.90). The five-factor structure was supported by an exploratory factor analysis (EFA). The analyses of age and gender, which were in conformity with literature, as well as the comparison of self- and other-rating, which predominantly showed moderate to high accordance, also speak in favor of validity. The other-rating version of the BFI-K KJ proves to be reliable and valid as well as economic.
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