The subject of research. IT enterprise activities and methods of staff quantity optimization under the terms of freelance resources attracting with the aim of taking leadership positions in the market for IT services. Methodology: during the research, the following scientific methods are used-the methods of analysis, synthesis, and comparative analysis (studying demand and supply of freelance-resource of small IT enterprises), the economic-statistical method (statistical analysis of empirical data, analysis of variation series of demand and supply distribution of freelance applications for a small IT enterprise). The purpose of scientific research: the purpose of the article is to provide theoretical justification for using freelance-resource within a small IT enterprise under the terms of freelance services demand and supply studying, which allows taking leading positions in the field of market relations in the sphere of IT services. The conclusion of the research: the calculation of the full-time employees' optimal quantity of small IT-company is made, which is the most important task of determining the reasonable need for staff to ensure the company's leading position in the field of market relations of IT services. The purpose of the paper is to the research the competitive advantages and a leading position of a small company in the dimension of global market relations in the field of services, which is determined the use of online freelanceresource by small IT enterprises. This approach belongs to the strategic management of expenditures of a small enterprise, which is the basis of the effective resources using a small enterprise and there is a prerequisite for establishing its leading position. The scientific achievements, which consider freelance-resource in the context of the export-oriented sphere of services as a new vector of the economic growth of Ukraine, are systematized; the author's approach to the definition of the category of "freelancers" and the consideration of the essence of freelance activity special features are presented. To determine the minimization of expenditures, the activity of a small IT enterprise is analysed, within which full-time employees are working, whose employment depends on the number of freelance-applications for jobs, which are receiving over a period of time for the IT enterprise needs. The statistical analysis of demand and supply within a small IT enterprise is proposed, which determines the optimal quantity of full-time employees who complete the technical tasks based on the freelance-resource, which enables a small IT enterprise to take a leading position in the field of market relations among similar small enterprises. Today, in the new concepts of the network economy and the global reputation economy, there are trends that represent an objective reflection of modern transformational changes in the economy, which are associated with the use of freelance-resource, which is an essential factor in establishing the leading positions of enterprises in competitive marke...
Methodical foundations for determining the level of national economies innovativeness were systematized in the article. The relevance of the study is due to the necessity and importance of conducting a comparative assessment to determine the benchmarks for the direction of Ukraine European integration. It has been found that in global and European practice, methods for assessing the innovative development of countries (Global Innovation Index, Global Competitiveness Index, European Innovation Scoreboard) are used, which are based on the use of a certain list of individual and group indicators followed by the calculation of a complex indicator (combined index). In the European Innovation Scoreboard, countries are divided into four groups: innovation leaders, strong innovators, moderate and new innovators. According to the data of 2022, the best indicator of innovativeness has Sweden, Finland, Denmark, the Netherlands and Belgium, which are defined as innovative leaders. Strong innovators are Ireland, Luxembourg, Austria, Germany, Cyprus and France, moderate – Estonia, Slovenia, Czech Republic, Italy, Spain, Portugal, Malta, Lithuania and Greece. Ukraine, as well as Hungary, Croatia, Slovakia, Poland, Latvia, Bulgaria and Romania, is included in the group of new innovators. The difference in innovation efficiency between EU countries remains, but it is gradually decreasing. The level of innovation indicators of Ukraine is lower compared to EU member states. The use of indicators of innovativeness, which characterize different spheres, provides an opportunity to carry out their comparative assessment, in particular with regard to foreign trade. The development of foreign trade as a sphere of the national economy depends on product and technological innovations. Using data from the European Innovation Scoreboard to compare the innovativeness of countries is more acceptable from the point of view of realizing Ukraine's intention to integrate into the EU in the post-war period. All the more, methodologically, the European Innovation Scoreboard is constantly being improved thanks to the expansion of the list of group and individual indicators, in particular in 2021 regarding digitalization and environmental sustainability. This approach demonstrates new priorities of European policy, which must be taken into account by Ukraine in order to realize its integration aspirations.
The article is devoted to an urgent problem, the solution of which will improve the existing tools and approaches to import substitution in Ukraine. The article describes the process of import substitution as a kind of state policy. The main features of the process of import substitution and directions of implementation based on the criteria of economic, social and strategic expediency are given. The possibilities and limitations of the implementation of the import substitution policy as a method of stabilizing the economy are revealed. The necessity of applying the policy of protectionism, deregulation by the state to obtain a socio-economic effect has been substantiated. The study identifies the elements of the implementation of approaches to import substitution in Ukraine and proposes the directions of the organizational and economic mechanism for regulating import substitution. Import substitution should be considered not only in the commodity sense, but also in its resource component, institutional aspect, the degree of influence on the rights of access to resources and markets, and the like. Taking these aspects into account makes it possible to systematically and comprehensively understand the scale of the import dependence of the domestic market and more effectively implement the import substitution policy. Numerous studies of recent years indicate that the policy of import substitution is considered in the context of the problem of ensuring economic growth of the national economy, is constrained by the restriction of the balance of payments, and therefore, to support it, it is necessary either to increase exports or restrict imports. The import substitution policy must be implemented based on the criteria of economic, social and strategic expediency. The result of the use of import substitution should be an increase in the competitiveness of domestic products by stimulating the modernization of production, increasing its efficiency and the development of new competitive types of products with a relatively high added value. This will allow the country to increase the level of gross domestic product production and compete on equal terms with developed industrial countries.
Purpose of the article is to identify the methodological aspects of economics and management in the context of the transformation of the national economy under the influence of globalization processes. The methodological basis of the research is the use of logical and systematic approaches, general philosophical, general scientific and historical methods, analysis and synthesis. The scientific novelty of the results obtained consists in rethinking the determinants of the state of the global economy, an attempt to philosophical and economic understanding of the digital economy and defining its boundaries. Conclusions. The digital economy is a system of economic relations based on the realization of digital human potential through the use of information and communication and end-to-end technologies, functioning in a sustainable innovationoriented institutional environment, aimed at increasing labor productivity and improving the welfare of society in the process of production, distribution, exchange and consumption of goods and services. The need for further research in the field of economics and international management in the context of sufficient radical transformation of the global economy, including from the perspective of the coronavirus pandemic, as well as the importance of applying new management methods and tools in the era of the digital economy. Key words: electronic economy, digital economy, virtual economy, modern information technologies, enterprise cloud infrastructure, coronavirus, opportunities
The article identifies the basic stages of the process of determining strategic objectives of a medical tourism destination. It suggests a range of tools for conducting a SWOT-analysis based on such analytical materials as Medical Tourism Index, World Economic Forum: Travel & Tourism Competitiveness Report, World Economic Forum: The Global Competitiveness Report. It also carries out a SWOT-analysis of macro-destinations of the leading countries in medical tourism.
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