Benign acute childhood myositis (BACM) is a syndrome classically occurring in children during the convalescent phase from a febrile upper respiratory tract infection, most commonly after influenza B. BACM can cause difficulty walking due to severe calf pain. Laboratory results show increased serum creatinine kinase and AST. Although alarming, BACM is self-limiting with symptoms disappearing within a week. Herein, we described a case series of BCAM in children in two cities in Poland during the influenza outbreaks in 2012/2013 and 2014/2015. We discussed the presentation and the clinical workup and examinations of the myositic syndrome. In addition, we evaluated the association of BACM with influenza B. We detected specific IgG against influenza B virus in 83% of the children diagnosed with BCAM. Reports from the National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene in Warsaw, Poland confirmed a high rate of influenza B cases during both epidemic seasons in question.
Background: Healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk for exposure to upper respiratory tract infections (URTIs) and influenza-like illnesses (ILIs). The present study aimed to surveil URTIs and ILIs and their impact among the Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases in Wroclaw employees and evaluate their humoral response to influenza. Material and Methods: Thirty-six HCWs participated in the first season and 32 HCWs in the second season during years of the study. The authors carried out a URTI/ILI surveillance, and all HCWs were asked to complete a weekly report during 2 influenza seasons: 2016/2017 (S1) and 2017/2018 (S2). In S1 both IgG and IgM antibodies against influenza A and B were assessed. The HCWs with symptoms of ILI were encouraged to undergo PCR tests for influenza. Results: No significant differences in reporting URTI were found among vaccinated and non-vaccinated HCWs and HCWs and the control group. Depending on the year 5.5-17.2% of HCWs were treated with antibiotics because of URTI. In the study 58.7% of participants in S1 and 66.7% in S2 decide to work despite the URTI symptoms. There was no statistical relationship between the concentration of anti-influenza IgG and the number of URTIs and ILIs reported. Only vaccinated were willing to undergo voluntary influenza testing. Conclusions: The URTI and ILI occur commonly in HCWs, and HCWs contract URTIs as often as the control group. Despite their medical education, HCWs work with the symptoms of infection and overuse antibiotics to treat the URTI. Serology testing is not able to follow the infection's dynamics or identify the people immune to the influenza-like illness. The diagnostic value of IgM antibodies in acute influenza infection is negligible. Vaccinated HCWs are more focused on their health and are more willing to undergo influenza tests. Med Pr. 2022;73(6):441-7
STRESZCZENIE:Drożdżakowe zapalenie opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych (ZOMR) występuje zwykle u noworodków, pacjentów po operacjach neurochirurgicznych, a także obciążonych innymi czynnikami ryzyka (np. w immunosupresji). Grzyby z rodzaju Candida są w stanie tworzyć biofilm na tkankach gospodarza oraz powierzchniach abiotycznych, co może sprzyjać zmniejszonej wrażliwości na leki, przewlekaniu się albo nawrotom zakażenia. W pracy przedstawiono opis dwóch przypadków nawracających zakażeń OUN u niemowląt wywołanych przez C. glabrata i C. albicans. U obojga dzieci występowały takie czynniki ryzyka jak wcześniej-sza antybiotykoterapia o szerokim spektrum, młody wiek i żywienie pozajelitowe. Każde z dzieci miało założoną zastawkę komorowo-otrzewnową. U jednego z nich po rozpoznaniu grzybiczego ZOMR usunięto zastawkę (która okazała się również skolonizowana przez grzyby z rodzaju Candida). W drugim przypadku podjęto próbę leczenia bez usunięcia zastawki. W obu przedstawionych przypadkach zakażenia przebiegały ze słabo wyrażonym odczynem zapalnym we krwi oraz PMR. Pomimo skutecznego leczenia dochodziło do nawrotów zakażenia, co wiązano ze zdolnością tych drobnoustrojów do wytwarzania biofilmu.SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: biofilm, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, grzybicze zapalenie opon mózgowo-rdzeniowych, wodogłowie, zastawkowe zapalenie opon ABSTRACT: Meningitis caused by Candida occurs mainly in neonates and patients undergoing neurosurgical procedures and with presence of another risk factors (e.g. immunosuppression). Candida species are able to attach host tissues and abiotic surfaces, where it develops biofilm structures. It could cause decreased antimicrobial susceptibility and results in persistent infection. We report two cases of children treated because of meningitis caused by C. glabrata i C. albicans. Both patients have multiple risk factors, include earlier treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics, young age or parenteral nutrition. Both underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VP) placement. In the case of the first child the shunt was removed; catheter was also colonized by Candida. In the second child the treatment without removing the valve has been taken. In both cases, a subtle induction of inflammation of the central nervous system and low inflammatory markers were noticed. Despite the effective treatment recurrent Candida infections occurred in both children. In our opinion it is associated with the ability of the microorganisms to produce a biofilm.
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