No abstract

(i) CPVI results in a modest but significant shortening in PWD and a marked decrease in PWA. (ii) PWD was significantly shorter in cases of successful outcome after CPVI.

(i) Percutaneous CPVI induces acute acceleration of HR and attenuation of short-term HRV (indicating vagal denervation during the procedure). (ii) Acute changes in HR and its variability invariably occur during RF energy delivery at the antero-superior junction between the LA and the RSPV. (iii) The degree of HR and short-term HRV changes depend on the vagal tone at the beginning of the procedure. (iv) In contrast to previously reported changes in overall HRV, acute changes in HR during the procedure are no predictors of long-term clinical outcome after CPVI.

Anatomical linear ablation using contiguous and optimized RF lesions results in a high rate of first-pass block at the roof but not at the MI. Due to its complex 3D architecture, the MI frequently requires additional endo- and epicardial RF lesions to be blocked.