Due to changes in the information environment since the last global epidemic, high WHO officials have spoken about the need to fight not only the current COVID-19 pandemic but also the related infodemic. We thus explored how people search for information, how they perceive its credibility, and how all this relates to their engagement in self-protective behaviors in the crucial period right after the onset of COVID-19 epidemic. The online questionnaire was circulated within 48 h after the first case of COVID-19 was confirmed in Slovenia. We gathered information on participants’ demographics, perception of the situation, their emotional and behavioral responses to the situation (i.e., self-protective behavior), perceived subjective knowledge, perceived credibility of different sources of information, and their level of trust. We looked into the relationships between perceived credibility and trust, and self-protective behavior of 1,718 participants and found that mass media, social media, and officials received relatively low levels of trust. Conversely, medical professionals and scientists were deemed the most credible. The perceived credibility of received information was linked not only with lower levels of negative emotional responses but also with higher adherence to much needed self-protective measures, which aim to contain the spread of the disease. While results might vary between societies with different levels of trust in relevant governmental and professional institutions, and while variances in self-protective behavior scores explained by our model are modest, even a small increase in self-protective behavior could go a long way in viral epidemics like the one we are facing today.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the understanding of mission statement contents and its function in guiding employee's behaviour from the organisational culture (OC) perspective. Design/methodology/approach – The research is based on a mixed method approach. The quantitative content analysis of mission statements was performed on a sample of 222 Slovenian companies. Mission statement's keywords were analysed with exploratory factor analysis. Advanced network analytic approaches such as PathFinder algorithm were utilised to obtain better understanding of interrelatedness of underlying mission components. Three interviews with the top managers were performed as well. Findings – The mission statement content analysis identified five associated organisations’ orientations: concern for stakeholders, orientation towards stability, orientation towards cooperation and innovation, and development and growth. The interviews confirm missions’ role in communicating the espoused or declared OC, although different approaches to achieve employees’ commitment to the organisation's mission can be identified in regard to the size of the organisation. Originality/value – The cultural approach to the analysis of mission statements confirms that the mission statements incorporate basic contents of OC. The methodology applied gives new possibilities in the research of OC perspective of strategic statements.

Residues of acaricide coumaphos were assessed in honey, bee brood, and beeswax during a 2-year field experiment. Honey, bee brood, and beeswax samples were collected before and after routine use of coumaphos in the treatment of bee colonies against varroosis in two consecutive years. Determination of coumaphos in honey and bee brood was based on RP-HPLC with UV detection after a liquid-liquid extraction with hexane or ethyl acetate. Coumaphos in beeswax was identified and quantified by GC/MS. Results indicate the undetectable presence of coumaphos in honey. In bee brood, coumaphos was observed after the treatment. In beeswax, the accumulation of coumaphos was determined not only in hives where it was used but also in hives nearby in which coumaphos was not used. Results indicate the accumulation of coumaphos in bee brood and beeswax. Due to the coumaphos accumulation this drug should be used only in strongly affected bee colonies.

StreSzczeniekompetencje zdrowotne i zdrowy tryb życia wśród Studentów pielęgniarStwa Wprowadzenie. Studenci pielęgniarstwa stanowią istotną populację osób do zgłębiania wiedzy dotyczącej kompetencji zdrowotnych oraz zachowań prozdrowotnych. Z jednej strony jest to grupa młodych dorosłych rozpoczynających samodzielną troskę o wlasne zdrowie, a z drugiej, uczą się oni by być profesjonalistami, którzy będą przekazywać wsparcie i wiedzę ludziom poprzez zmianę ich stylu życia dążąc do zachowania ich zdrowia lub walki z chorobą. W związku z tym, niniejsze badanie ukierunkowane jest na zgłębianie tematyki kompetencji zdrowotnych oraz zachowań prozdrowotnych wśród studentów pielęgniarstwa. Materiał i metoda. Badaniem kompetencji zdrowotnych oraz zachowań prozdrowotnych objęto grupę 337 studentów programów związanych z z opieką zdrowotną w Słowenii. Wykorzystano dwa narzędzia badawcze do zgłębienia kompetencji zdrowotnych studentów (Kwestionariusz Oceny Kompetencji Zdrowotnych i Skróconą ocenę kompetencji i opieki zdrowotnej -Newest Vital Sign) oraz skalę mierzącą zachowania prowozdrowotne. Wyniki. Analiza czynnikowa wyodrębniła trzy wymiary kompetencji zdrowotnych: rozumienie zdrowia lub choroby, rozumienie instrukcji otrzymywanych od służby zdrowia i orientacja w zakresie systemu zdrowia. Zmienne odnoszące się do kompetencji zdrowotnych i zachowań prozdrowotnych są ściśle powiązane. Dyskusja i wnioski. Edukacja studentów pielęgniarstwa powinna kłaść nacisk na tematy kompetencji zdrowotnych oraz ich własnej ochrony zdrowia. Powinna także wspierać i zachęcać studentów do prowadzenia zdrowego trybu życia, jako, że powinni oni stanowić przykład tego co wpajają pacjentom. Słowa kluczowe: opieka zdrowotna, zachowania prozdrowotne, kompetencje zdrowotne abStract HealtH literacy and HealtH related lifeStyle among nurSing StudentS Introduction. Nursing students are an important population for the study of health literacy and health-related behaviours. On one hand, they are a population of young adults, that is starting to independently take care of their own health and on the other hand, they are becoming professionals who will provide support and pass knowledge to people making changes in their lifestyle in order to preserve their health or to manage a disease. The focus of this research is therefore oriented towards the study of health literacy and behavior related to health in the population of nursing students. Material and methods. We have studied health literacy and behaviour related to health on a sample of 337 students from the health care study programmes in Slovenia. We utilised two instruments to measure students' health literacy (Health Literacy Screening Questions and Quick assessment of literacy and primary care -Newest vital sign) and a scale to measure health-related behaviors.Results. Factor analysis identified three dimensions of health literacy: the understanding of health or disease, the understanding of the instructions received in the health system and the orientation within the health system. Variables re...

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Introduction:Understanding spirituality and spiritual care is a prerequisite for holistic care. The research goal was to describe nurses' attitudes towards spirituality and spiritual care. Methods: The study was carried out between 2015 and 2016 using a quantitative non-experimental method. The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale Questionnaire was given to a sample of 182 nursing care employees, mostly women (n = 153, 88.4 %), with completed higher (n = 93, 53.8 %) or secondary (n = 75, 43.4 %) education, from four Slovenian hospitals. The questionnaire had adequate internal consistency (Cronbach alpha = 0.83). Results: The highest agreement ( = 4.27, s = 0.82) was reached on the statement which describes spiritual care as respecting patient's privacy, dignity, cultural and religious beliefs. Participants also agreed with the statement that they provide spiritual care by demonstrating kindness, care, and cheerfulness ( = 4.2, s = 0.76), but they expressed uncertainty about the statement that spirituality and spiritual care are fundamental aspects of nursing care ( = 2.88, s = 1.08). Discussion and conclusion: Participants connect spirituality with an understanding of themselves and the world, rather than only with religion and sacral objects. The research has confirmed the findings of previous Slovenian studies that nurses give priority to meeting patients' physical needs before spiritual ones probably also as a result of a lack of knowledge and professional guidance on spiritual care. IZVLEČEKUvod: Razumevanje duhovnosti in duhovne oskrbe je pogoj nudenja celostne oskrbe pacienta. Cilj raziskave je bil opisati stališča zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi do duhovnosti in duhovne oskrbe. Metode: Raziskava je bila izvedena v letih 2015 in 2016, z uporabo kvantitativne neeksperimentalne metode. Na vzorcu 182 zaposlenih v zdravstveni negi iz štirih slovenskih bolnišnic, v katerem so prevladovale ženske (n = 153, 88,4 %) s končano visokošolsko (n = 93, 53,8 %) ali srednješolsko izobrazbo (n = 75, 43,4 %), je bil uporabljen vprašalnik Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale. Vprašalnik je imel ustrezno notranjo konsistentnost (Cronbach alfa = 0,83). Rezultati: Najvišje strinjanje ( = 4,27, s = 0,82) so anketiranci podali za trditev, ki opisuje duhovno oskrbo z vidika spoštovanja zasebnosti, dostojanstva ter spoštovanja kulturnih in verskih prepričanj pacienta. Prav tako se strinjajo, da zagotavljajo duhovno oskrbo pacientov z izkazovanjem prijaznosti, skrbi in vedrine ( = 4,2, s = 0,76). Anketiranci so bili negotovi glede trditve, da sta duhovnost in duhovna oskrba temeljna vidika zdravstvene nege ( = 2,88, s = 1,08). Diskusija in zaključek: Anketiranci duhovnost povezujejo predvsem z razumevanjem samega sebe in sveta, najmanj pa z religijo ter s sakralnimi objekti. Raziskava potrjuje ugotovitve predhodnih slovenskih raziskav, da dajejo zaposleni v zdravstveni negi pred duhovnimi potrebami prednost oskrbi fizičnih potreb, verjetno tudi zaradi pomanjkanja znanja o tem področju in ustreznih smernic.The article i...

Purpose -HRM climate is the intervening variable that relates implemented HRM practices to individual reactions. The purpose of the study is to contribute to the understanding of HRM climate construct, through the study of the role of HRM climate in employees' attitudes. Design/methodology/approach -Based on the literature review a model is proposed that links HRM climate perceptions to job satisfaction, job involvement and perceived organisational performance. The model was tested on a sample of 574 Slovenian employees from the manufacturing sector. The model of HRM-attitudes relationship was tested with partial least squares approach to structural equation modelling. Findings -Two HRM climate dimensions (collaboration and structure) have an indirect (through job satisfaction and job involvement) and direct effect on perceived organisational performance, although dimension "collaboration" has a much stronger effect on employees' job satisfaction, and perceived organisational performance factor, than the "structure" dimension. Originality/value -The HRM climate as a construct has not been studied intensively, although perceptions of HRM practices have been at the centre of attention since the beginning of the study of HRM-performance relations. The study shows that the meaning assigned to the experienced HRM practices, has a strong effect on employees' reactions toward the job and work environment, and so offers a new approach to the understanding of the individual's role in HRM-performance relation.