The CTA-derived J-CTO score was a more useful predictor of both procedural success and 30-min wire crossing than the J-CTO score derived from conventional angiography.

Background: Intracoronary (IC) administration of nicorandil has been proposed as an alternative choice of hyperemic agent for fractional flow reserve (FFR) measurements. This study evaluated the utility and validity of IC nicorandil administration alone to induce maximal hyperemia. Methods and Results: Two-hundred-seven patients with coronary artery disease listed for coronary angiography with FFR were prospectively enrolled. FFR was measured after (1) IC administration of nicorandil 2 mg (ICNIC2 mg); (2) continuous intravenous (IV) adenosine triphosphatase (ATP) infusion at 150 μg/kg/min (IVATP150); (3) IV ATP infusion at 210 μg/kg/min (IVATP210); (4) IC administration of 0.5 mg nicorandil during IVATP150 (ICNIC0.5 mg+IVATP150); (5) IC administration of 1 mg nicorandil during IVATP150 (ICNIC1 mg+IVATP150); and (6) IC administration of 2 mg nicorandil during IVATP150 (ICNIC2 mg+IVATP150). The average FFR values and the rate of achieving maximum hyperemia after ICNIC2 mg,

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Back ground Rotational atherectomy (RA) is used for plaque modification in patients with heavily calcified coronary lesions. RA can induce significant bradycardia or atrioventricular block requiring for temporary pacemaker insertion. In this report, we present a case of trans-coronary pacing via a Rota wire to prevent bradycardia during RA in the proximal right coronary artery (RCA). Case summary A 72-year-old woman with a one month history of worsening effort angina was admitted to our hospital. Computed tomography coronary angiography disclosed significant coronary stenosis with severe calcification in proximal RCA. Coronary angiography revealed significant coronary stenosis with severe calcification in the proximal RCA. Subsequently, percutaneous coronary artery intervention was performed under the guidance of intravascular ultrasound(IVUS). The pull-back IVUS showed a circumferential calcified lesion in the proximal RCA, that was treated using RA, which induced significant bradycardia requiring temporary pacemaker insertion. Immediately, trans-coronary pacing was provided via a Rota wire placed in the far distal RCA; this was used for back-up pacing during RA. RA was completed by safely modifying the calcified lesion. After successful debulking of the calcified lesion, we dilated with a balloon, and a drug-eluting stent was implanted at the proximal RCA. Final IVUS and angiography showed good stent apposition and expansion. we did not observe any serious intraprocedural complications. Discussion RA is used for plaque modification in patients with heavily calcified coronary lesions. RA can induce significant bradycardia or atrioventricular block requiring for temporary pacemaker insertion via the transvenous route. This method could be an effective method to prevent bradycardia during RA.