The cultivation and sale of ornamental plants are dynamic and promising sectors of agribusiness, with some of the highest profitability per cultivated area (Serviço Brasileiro de Apoio às Micro E Pequenas Empresas, 2015). In 2014, the Brazilian supply chain for these plants consisted of 8,248 producers with an average planted area of 1.82 hectares and more than 2,000 species, divided into three main categories: Cut flowers and foliage, potted plants and flowers, and ornamental plants for landscaping (except grass) (Lima Júnior et al., 2015).The cultivation and sale of potted plants and flowers have increased their socioeconomic importance in the country, with desert rose (Adenium spp.) gaining prominence due to its drought resistance, easy maintenance, and the variety of colours and shapes of its flowers, which are generally abundant and long lasting (Oyen, 2006;Varella et al., 2015). Desert rose [Adenium obesum (Forssk.), Roem.
After three weeks, the inoculated plants showed leaf wilt and black-gray necrosis in the roots (presence of microsclerotia). While the same pathogen was re-isolated from inoculated plants, the controls remained healthy. It was concluded that the root rot observed in S. rebaudiana plants was caused by M. phaseolina, being the first report of this pathogen causing damage to the crop in Brazil.
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