BACKGROUND: Hypertension is one of the common non communicable disease and is reported to beprevalent in 20% to 50% of the adult population, hypertension is one of the major contributor ofmortality and morbidity in developing and developed countries. The cross-sectional descriptive studywas formulated to find the prevalence and to assess different etiological factors of hypertension.MATERIAL & METHODS: This cross-sectional study among 400 adults of age 25-75 years wasconducted in months of June to December 2014 in Phase 5, Hayatabad Peshawar. A detailed structuredproforma having important questions was used to collect important data regarding various variables.RESULTS: Our study results showed that 22.75% of the study people were hypertensive i.e. 10.25% ofmales and 12.5% of females; and the prevalence of hypertension showed positive association withadvancing age. Out of all respondents; 60.25% were males while 39.75% were females; 28.5% weresmokers; 5.25% consume predominantly meat; 32.5% were obese & overweight; 36.75% checked theirB.P regularly; and 19.75% had positive history of hypertension in family.CONCLUSION: We conclude that hypertension prevalence was high among our study population andwas associated with various modifiable and non modifiable risk factors thus population based preventivestrategies are needed to control and prevent hypertension.KEY WORDS: Hypertension, Age, Diet, Smokers, Hayatabad, Peshawar.
ABSTRACT… Objectives:To estimate the concentration of heavy metals (Lead, cadmium, Chromium and copper) in branded and non-branded (local) snacks in the markets of Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Study Design: Cross-sectional analytical study. Setting: District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Period: 6 months; from December 2016 to April 2017. Materials and Methods: A total of 96 different samples of potato and corn snacks were selected from four towns of district Peshawar by convenient sampling technique. All samples were subjected to wet digestion using acid digestion technique and Lead, Cadmium, Chromium and copper were quantitatively detected, using Atomic Absorption spectrometer in the Public Health laboratory Khyber Medical College Peshawar. Results: Mean concentration of Lead, cadmium, chromium and copper in potato based branded snacks were in the range of 0.085-0.423mg/kg, 0.003-0.046 mg/kg, 2.186-2.328 mg/kg and 0.008-0.108 mg/kg and concentration of heavy metals in corn based branded snacks were in range of 0.240-0.351 mg/kg, 0.007-0.012mg/kg, 2.254-2.179 mg/kg, 0.030-0.082 mg/kg respectively. While mean concentration of Lead, cadmium, chromium and copper in non-branded (local) snacks were 0.057-0.324 mg/kg, 0.005-0.012 mg/kg, 2.137-2.247 mg/kg and 0.018-0.06 mg/kg respectively. Conclusion: Lead and chromium were exceeding in majority samples of branded and local snacks. Particular concern was of chromium, which was exceeding far beyond the allowed limits in all samples.
Objective: To compare the overweight and obesity status and associated factors among children of government and private schools in district Peshawar. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from February 2020 to October 2022.A sample size of 300 school-going children between ages 6-15 years from 30 different schools of Peshawar using a multistage sampling technique. The data were gathered on a structured questionnaire. SPSS version 24 was used for data analysis. Results: The mean age of the children ranged from 15.64 ± 0.48 S.D. 125(41.7%) of the children were from Government schools and 175(58.3%) were from Private Schools. Among 3oo study participants 16(53%) were males and 139(46%) were females. overweight and obesity among government and private school children were 9(36.0%),7 (33.3%) and 16 (64.0%), and 14 (66.7%) respectively(p-value=0.01). Among the Overweight and obese groups respectively there was a positive relationship between the consumption of eggs(r=0.165, p = 0.004), and fried food (r=0.180, p = 0.002). The Duration of Outdoor Sports was inversely related to overweight and obesity (r=0-.333**, P = 0.000). Conclusion: Comparison between overweight and obesity among both groups shows significant differences due to the mandatory lifestyles of private school children. Both obesity and overweight had an inverse relation with the intensity and duration of physical activities. Effective strategies targeting overweight and obese children are required to make them healthy. Keywords: Obesity, BMI, Children
This article attempts a systematic review of information from conflict areas globally and locally (Pakistan) to identify the gaps and challenges pertaining to the public health needs and assistance of IDPs. Study Design: Systemic Review.
Objectives: This article attempts a systematic review of information from conflictareas globally and locally (Pakistan) to identify the gaps and challenges pertaining to the publichealth needs and assistance of IDPs. Study Design: Systemic Review. Setting: Department ofCommunity Medicine Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan. Period: 8 months January2016 to august 2016. Material and Methods: A systematic review was undertaken usingvarious databases such as Google scholar, Cochrane library, Pub-Med, UNHCR and WorldHealth Organization Global Health library, global databases of Medline and Pakistan Medicaland Research Council library. Conclusion: In Pakistan, the internally displaced people livingin camp settings remain susceptible to poor health and disease outbreaks. Although someassistance is provided by the government but keeping in mind the alarming situation muchmore coordinated and synchronized efforts is required to fulfil the gaps in health needs, skilledworkforce, infrastructure and supplies.
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