Thiamine deficiency is an important issue for many diseases and thus a facile method of detection is clinically important to improve the health of humans. For that purpose, we have developed a new thiamine sensor using starch stabilized copper nanoparticles (CSNP) at neutral pH and also improved the sensitivity of the sensor using cucurbit[7]uril (CB[7]) through host-guest chemistry. Often thiamine is not detected directly, but through the oxidation of thiamine to thiochrome (TC); TC is a fluorescent emitting molecule, through which thiamine has been measured indirectly. Here, we have demonstrated a new approach for a thiamine sensor, based on the formation of TC by the addition of hydrogen peroxide and CSNP. Unlike the other reported thiamine sensors, our method works advantageously at physiological pH conditions (pH 7, 27 °C). Furthermore, addition of CB[7] to TC, increased the sensitivity of the sensor approximately one order magnitude, through encapsulation; which can be reversed upon addition of a stronger competitive guest such as adamantylamine to confirm the encapsulation of TC. Thus, this new thiamine sensor not only performed well under physiological pH conditions, but also improved the fluorescence of TC, when encapsulated by CB[7].
A facile and low-cost detection method for the surfactants of ionic and non-ionic types was successfully demonstrated using rhodamine B-decorated graphene oxide, which also helped the visual detection of surfactants under a UV light source.
An acriflavine-graphene oxide (GAF) supramolecular assembly has been prepared from water-soluble graphene oxide (GO) and a fluorescent dye, acriflavine (AF). Upon binding this non-covalently to the GO, the fluorescence of acriflavine has been "turned off" effectively, competitive binding potential of the sensor substrates such as ATP, ADP, AMP and the pyrophosphate weakens the supramolecular assembly of GAF, which allows the release of acriflavine quantitatively, which also "turns-on" the fluorescence of the dye under UV irradiation. Interestingly, GAF displayed the highest sensitivity towards ATP within the family of adenosine phosphates. We have developed a naked eye detection method for the adenosine phosphates biomolecules. For the first time, acriflavine has been utilized for the sensing of adenosine phosphates in combination with GO, which can be useful for the detection of other biomolecules.
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