<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease which predominantly involves skin and peripheral nerves. Most important consequences of leprosy are due to the involvement of peripheral nerves which leads to gross deformities and disabilities. Detection of preclinical nerve function impairment can help in the prevention of deformities and disabilities. The objective of the study was role of nerve conduction study (NCS) to detect nerve function impairment (NFI) in leprosy.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An electrophysiological study was conducted for 50 newly diagnosed cases of leprosy from December 2017 to July 2019 at Department of Dermatology, Osmania Medical College, Hyderabad. Nerve conduction velocities, amplitude, and latencies of ulnar, median, common peroneal, posterior tibial, sural nerves are measured.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> 10 nerves in each patient with a total of 500 nerves were studied by NCS. Only 8 (16%) cases had totally normal NCS. And rest 42 (84%) cases have abnormal NCS. Most common pattern observed is sensory motor axonal neuropathy. A total of 268 (53.6%) nerves were normal before starting multidrug therapy and 232 (46.4%) nerves have abnormal NCS. Among these nerves the involvement of Sensory nerves (49%) are more than motor nerves (42%).</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> NCS is a reliable and reproducible test to detect the early NFI. Though it cannot directly diagnose leprosy, it can be used in suspected cases, newly diagnosed cases, and household contacts to detect the NFI early and prevent the complications associated with it.</p><p> </p>
Background: Urticaria is considered to be caused by infections, emotions, and also allergy to common substances in the environment, particularly drugs. The relation of active dental infection to chronic urticaria is sought frequently, yet there are few detailed reports of the incidence and importance of such a relationship. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of dental infection occurring in chronic urticaria patients attending Dermatology, Venerealogy and Leprosy (DVL) OPD at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done from August 2018 to May 2019 on 100 patients of age group between 16 to 60 years with chronic urticaria attending DVL OPD at Osmania General Hospital, Hyderabad. They have been referred to the dental department and were reviewed to determine the incidence of dental infections. Results: Out of 100 cases, 66 were males and 34 were females. Youngest patient seen was 17 years and the oldest was 60 years. Peak incidence was seen in 31 to 40 years (36 cases of 36%), followed by 21 to 30 years (30 cases of 30%), 41 to 50 years (16 cases of 16%), 51 to 60 years (14 case of 14%) and 16 to 20 years (4 cases of 4%). Evidence of dental infections was found in 42 cases of which 26 cases (18 males, 8 females) were having dental caries, 58 (58%) patients had no evidence of dental infection. Conclusions: Urticaria may be considered to be a pattern of reaction to many different stimuli, as suggested by unpredictable remissions and exacerbations. Many of the dental infections go unnoticed in chronic urticaria, we have found a high prevalence (42%) of these infections in our study.
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