Integrated urban land-use planning is becoming increasingly complex in India, as there is noticeable migration of rural population towards developed cities. Main reason behind it being, lack of education and employment opportunities, low levels of socioeconomic development, as well as poor urban infrastructural base of rural areas. It is necessary to identify these areas and optimize its poorly developed or vacant spaces, to effectively manage the transformation of India's underdeveloped and rural areas into developed cities, resulting in development of the Country. This research attempts to present an integrative approach to the problem of land-use planning with the help of a conceptual model. The study examines, congested cities and identifies vacant spaces or underdeveloped areas adjoining them. Based on it, a village-Akole taluka in Ahmednagar district, adjoining two developed cities-Mumbai and Pune, of Maharashtra State, is analyzed for transformation and redevelopment purpose, through the use of topographic data. Finally, it is aimed at implementing new urbanism principles to the study area and produce a land-use model to maximize the quality of life of its people. Providing useful information for development of planning and design strategies for sustainable urbanization and enhancing quality of life is need of the hour. Therefore, key purpose of this research is to increase productiveness of citizen's habitat, by optimizing the use of vacant land. This is achieved by proposing an Urban
Over the years there has been an increase in the energy consumption pattern which has given rise to various environmental issues. Around 20% of the energy is used for lighting purpose and conferring to a U.S. Energy Information Administration 2007 & International Energy Agencies 2006 report lighting amounts for 7% of the CO 2 emissions globally and releases around 1900 metric tons of carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) into the atmosphere. Due to this issue an environment friendly solution which utilizes renewable form of energy so that even actions like lighting the buildings could be sustainable. About 50-80% of energy consumption for lighting can be saved through designing an efficient daylighting system to light the interior spaces in the buildings, which would provide various physiological and psychological benefits for the wellbeing of human beings. In this study a daylighting system is designed on the Cassegrain principle and evaluated through software's and experimental setup. A model of the daylighting system is constructed using simple and low cost materials, easily available and reliable. Maximum solar radiation point was ascertained by studying sun path diagrams. The model was tested for its lux intensity and temperature on 5 sunny days over a period of 6 hours. The daylighting system provides a lux intensity of above 1400 at its peak hour and 323 lux at its minimum through a bundle of 209 individual optical fibers enclosed in a circular pipe of 3/4 inch in diameter. The temperature attained was 60 ºC and 50 ºC which were well within the operating temperature limits of the optical fiber.
In the early days, humans used to live in semi-permanent villages. They shift as soon as their land becomes less fertile. With the up-gradation in technology and the rise in the standard of living, people prefer settling in urban locations than living in rural areas. This urbanization leads to challenge in today's planning and development departments. The growth of the world population and migration of people are creating congestion in cities. The cities are now more crowded, dense with persistent traffic problems and a rise in pollution levels. There needs planning for adequate food, sanitation and education for all, and thereby making it necessary to plan for sustainability. Instead of separate residences, they will be constructed vertically. They may possess everything people need in their daily life. The future will see vertical farms and skyscrapers for food production and renewable sources for energy production. The generation of the 3D city model will help in planning and analysis of the city. This helps in the development of small self-sustainable cities mainly focusing on local and sustainable production. We have worked on the Nariman Point, Mumbai in this paper. We have studied the buildings, congestion and land usage of this region and analyzed the current scenario of the region. The 3D modeling of the city will help the city and town planners to optimize the city.
There are many factors which affect labour productivity directly or indirectly, for example, age, experience, climate, inspection delay etc. It is necessary to identify those factors and find measures to avoid them so that productivity can be increased.
This study mainly focus on hydrological behavior of watersheds in The Manjira River basin using soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) and Geographical information system (GIS). The water balance components for watersheds in the Manjira River were determined by using SWAT model and GIS. Determination of these water balance components helps to study direct and indirect factors affecting characteristics of selected watersheds. Manjira River contains total 28 watersheds among them 2 were selected having watershed code as MNJR008 and MNJR011 specified by the Central Ground Water Board. The SWAT input data such as Digital elevation model (DEM), land use and land cover (LU/LC), Soil classification, slope and weather data was collected. Using these inputs in SWAT the different water balancing components such as rainfall, baseflow, surface runoff, evapotranspiration (ET), potential evapotranspiration (PET) and water yield for each watershed were determined. The evaluated data is then validated by Regression analysis, in which two datasets were compared. Simulated rain data from SWAT simulation and observed rain data from Global Weather Data for SWAT was selected for comparison for each watershed.
A Construction project involves project management and financial planning at various stages right from the concept stage to the execution stage. This involves a large number of people working on different aspects of the project adhering to their specific job roles in collaboration with the others. These members not only work on the different aspects but also work on different software’s and platforms in order to create a holistic working plan to ensure timely and flawless construction activities. But these software’s only provide specific information feeded to it. A single program which would provide information of all these software’s collectively on one platform would not only make it convenient for sharing data but also help in reducing the delay and eliminating errors. A 5D model can be created linking the schedule of the project and the cost involved in it to the drawings on a GIS platform. In this research a 5D model of a Residential cum Commercial project Located in Prabhadevi, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India has been generated. This model includes the data related to the Schedule and Cost of the project, which can help in making decisions related to monetary aspects, Men & Material preparedness, verification of bills & Billing Audits. A 5D model holds Spatial data such as Project Schedule, Itemized Element costs and Quantities along with the 3D model of the structure. The conclusion of the study states that a GIS Model can serve as a real time data base for all the parties involved in the project at every level of its progression.
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