To identify clinical and therapeutic features of pulmonary nontuberculous mycobacterial (PNTM) disease, we conducted a retrospective analysis of patients referred to the Brazilian reference center, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, who received a diagnosis of PNTM during 1993–2011 with at least 1 respiratory culture positive for NTM. Associated conditions included bronchiectasis (21.8%), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (20.7%), cardiovascular disease (15.5%), AIDS (9.8%), diabetes (9.8%), and hepatitis C (4.6%).Two patients had Hansen disease; 1 had Marfan syndrome. Four mycobacterial species comprised 85.6% of NTM infections: Mycobacterium kansasii, 59 cases (33.9%); M. avium complex, 53 (30.4%); M. abscessus, 23 (13.2%); and M. fortuitum, 14 (8.0%). A total of 42 (24.1%) cases were associated with rapidly growing mycobacteria. In countries with a high prevalence of tuberculosis, PNTM is likely misdiagnosed as tuberculosis, thus showing the need for improved capacity to diagnose mycobacterial disease as well as greater awareness of PNTM disease prevalence.
Ergonomia é uma ciência que busca estudar a relação do homem e o trabalho visando atender parâmetros que permitam a adaptação das condições de trabalho às características dos trabalhadores, de modo a proporcionar conforto, segurança e desempenho eficiente. Além disso, é um dos processos centrais para garantia de um bom ambiente de trabalho. O termo está muito associado a demandas físicas, como o mobiliário e equipamentos dos postos de trabalho. Só que, além disso, a ergonomia engloba todos os aspectos do trabalho, como as questões organizacionais (pausas, ritmo de trabalho) e cognitivas (atenção, memória, estresse). Ou seja, o objetivo da ergonomia é adaptar o trabalho às pessoas.
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