Many studies have been conducted into how programmers comprehend software. Models based on these studies have pointed to top-down, bottom-up, and mixed models for describing the comprehension process. In most of these studies, however, a key element of the experiment is largely ignored: the underlying nature of the software being examined by the programmers. This paper discusses software measurements and metrics that must be considered as factors when conducting comprehension studies.
degrees throughout the software development cycle as aids to comprehension, analysis, and measurement. This research focuses on the experimental evaluation and refinement of a set of scalable visualizations that show promise for improving the overall software process. The roles which visualizations may play during reverse engineering and maintenance are of particular interest. This research also investigates the manner in which software visualizations are used in practice by software professionals. Partners from government and industry have agreed to participate by providing access to appropriate production software. This paper ~'11 descn'be a framework for evaluating visual techniques and investigating their practical use and application,
GRASP is a robust software engineering tool that has been enhanced and improved to production quality through several earlier prototypes. The primary emphasis of the tool is on providing automatic visualization of software control structure and complexity to support development, maintenance, reverse engineering, and reengineering. GRASP has the potential to be a valuable point tool in any environment where source code is expected to be either written or read. GRASP has been extended to multiple languages such as C, C++, Java, Ada 95, and VHDL.. This paper describes the unique features of GRASP, its intended uses, and discusses promising avenues offuture research.
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