For the combined surface and bulk characterization of functional powder materials, we report on the direct coupling of Raman spectroscopy with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) within one setup, avoiding the influence of different sample states and measurement environments. Our approach is based on the Raman integration into the XPS analysis chamber, employing a long-range camera objective connected to a portable 532 nm Raman spectrometer. For optimization of the measurement geometry, a (400) single crystal (SC), chemical vaper deposition (CVD)-grown diamond was employed. The applicability of the combined XPS-Raman spectroscopy ap-proach was first validated by measurements on powder V 2 O 5 , used as a commercial standard, and then demonstrated on lithium ion battery materials, that is, Li x V 2 O 5 lithium pentoxides. The transferability to other XPS systems is strongly facilitated by the long-range Raman-spectroscopic approach, which allowed for Raman analysis over a distance of 320 mm for the CVDgrown (400) single crystal diamond and 285 mm for Li x V 2 O 5 . Our results demonstrate the inexpensive and straightforward implementation of coupled XPS-Raman spectroscopy for combined surface/bulk analysis.
The Cover Feature shows a coupled Raman/XPS setup for combined surface and bulk characterization of functional powder materials from energy applications such as energy storage or catalysis. Using a long‐range camera objective, the Raman analysis is integrated into the XPS chamber, strongly facilitating transferability of the approach to other XPS systems. The potential of coupled Raman and XP spectra is demonstrated for lithium battery materials, providing complementary insight on electrode/electrolyte interactions and structural changes. More information can be found in the Full Paper by Mariusz Radtke et al.
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