Introdução: A adução do quadril é utilizada por ciclistas como uma estratégia de tangenciamento do quadro da bicicleta para adaptar a postura. Essa compensação postural pode levar a lesões e alterações na postura dos ciclistas.Objetivo: Avaliar a diferença postural a partir dos ângulos Q e ângulo de adução do quadril em ciclistas e relacionar os ângulos Q dos ciclistas com a cinemática da pedalada.Métodos: Participaram do estudo cinco atletas de nível estadual com bikefit. A avaliação do ângulo Q foi realizada por fotogrametria pelo software SAPO. A avaliação da cinemática foi realizada pelo sistema VICON com seis câmeras de infravermelho e frequência de aquisição de 120 Hz. Os dados cinemáticos foram filtrados com filtro Butterworth de 4ª ordem com frequência de corte de 6 Hz. A normalidade dos dados foi testada com o teste Shapiro-Wilk. O teste U de Mann-Whitney foi utilizado para comparação e o teste de correlação de Spearman para verificar a relação. O nível de significância adotado foi de α=0,05.Resultados: Foram encontradas diferenças nos ângulos de adução do quadril entre os membros inferiores, com maiores valores para o membro preferido. Não houve relação entre o os ângulos Q e ângulos máximos de adução do quadril.Conclusão: Existem assimetrias do ângulo de adução do quadril entre os membros inferiores dos atletas estudados.Q Angle and Hip Adduction Angle Behaviors on Cyclists Pedaling: Pilot StudyIntroduction: Hip adduction is used by cyclists like a strategy to tangency the bicycle frame to adapt posture. This postural adaptation can lead to lesion and posture change.Objective: Evaluate postural differences from Q angles and hip adduction angle of cyclists, and verify the relation between these angles.Methods: The study included 5 state level athletes with bikefit. Q angle and hip adduction angle was measured by SAPO software and VICON system, respectively. 6 infrared cameras was used for kinematics analysis at 120 Hz. Kinematics data were filtered with a fourth order Butterworth filter with cut off frequency of 6 Hz. Normality was tested by Shapiro-Wilk test. Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison and Spearman correlation test was used to verify relationship. The significance level was set at 0.05.Results: Hip adduction angles differences were found between lower limbs, and preferred leg showed higher values. There was no relationship between Q angles and maximum angles of hip adduction.Conclusion: These athletes showed hip adduction angles asymmetries between lower limbs.
The type of muscle action is important when designing exercise interventions for older individuals and may result in different effects. In this study we performed a systematic review of controlled trials comparing the effects of concentric and eccentric resistance training, performed on isokinetic dynamometers, on lower extremity muscular and functional performance in older adults (CDR42017075316). Six databases (Pubmed, CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PEDro, Cochrane Central and Embase) were searched. Outcomes of interest concerned neuromuscular and functional performance. Trials should consider 65 years or older individuals participating in concentric and/or eccentric training on isokinetic dynamometers, at least twice a week, during at least four weeks. Results should be compared to a control group or between different contraction types. A qualitative analysis of data was done. Quality assessment considered the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. The initial search returned 10376 studies and four trials were considered for inclusion. Three trials compared the effects of concentric training with the ones of control groups, and one compared the effects of concentric with the ones of eccentric training. All trials focused on knee extensor and flexor muscles, and one also focused on ankle dorsiflexors and plantarflexors. Training programs included three sessions/week lasting 8-12 weeks. Concentric training improved strength, power, and muscle antagonist coactivation compared to the control. Concentric and eccentric training improved knee isometric, concentric and eccentric strength and self-paced step test, with no effect on gait speed. They did not consider muscle structural parameters. The findings of beneficial effects of isokinetic concentric and eccentric resistance training on muscle strength and power in older adults were consistent. However, there is a lack of trials addressing the effects of isokinetic strength training on muscle structure and functionality.
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