In the present study, antigens from parthenogenetic females and eggs of Strongyloides venezuelensis, or anti-parthenogenetic-female and anti-egg antigens were used to detect specific IgG and immune complex responses, respectively. Serum samples from experimentally infected immunocompetent and immunosuppressed rats were analysed on days 5, 8, 13 and 21 post-infection (dpi). An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed using alkaline parasite extract for specific IgG detection, and anti-parthenogenetic-female or anti-egg antigens for immune complex detection. The data were analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a Bonferroni test. When parthenogenetic female or egg extracts were used as antigens, specific IgGs were not detected in either immunocompetent or immunosuppressed rats. When anti-parthenogenetic-female or anti-S. venezuelensis-eggs were used, immune complexes were detected for the duration of the infection in immunosuppressed animals and were only detected between 5 and 13 dpi in immunocompetent animals. The duration of infection was not significantly different between the immunocompetent and immunosuppressed groups when anti-parthenogenetic-female or anti-S. venezuelensis-eggs were used. Parthenogenetic female extracts yielded significant differences between antibody and immune complex responses in immunocompetent rats from 5 to 13 dpi, but only on day 5 dpi in immunosuppressed rats. Exposure to S. venezuelensis egg extract yielded significant differences in both antibody and immune complex detection between immunocompetent and immunosuppressed rats for the duration of the infection. In conclusion, ELISA using alternative antigens may be a successful strategy for identifying immune complexes in serum samples and diagnosing active strongyloidiasis, particularly under conditions of immunosuppression.
Host actin cytoskeleton polymerization has been shown to play an important role during Trypanosoma cruzi internalization into mammalian cell. The structure and dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton in cells are regulated by a vast number of actin-binding proteins. Here we aimed to verify the impact of AFAP-1L1, during invasion and multiplication of T. cruzi. Knocking-down AFAP-1L1 increased parasite cell invasion and intracellular multiplication. Thus, we have shown that the integrity of the machinery formed by AFAP-1L1 in actin cytoskeleton polymerization is important to hinder parasite infection.
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Mat Pilates training on body composition, resting blood pressure, and lipids, glucose, and adiponectin levels in postmenopausal women with cardiometabolic multimorbidities. Design and method: Forty-seven postmenopausal women between 50 and 70 years were allocated into two groups based on the number of comorbidities: no more than 1 (COM n = 23) and at least 2 comorbidities (MULT n = 24). Both groups performed Mat Pilates three times a week for 12 weeks. Before and after the intervention, resting blood pressure, body composition, and blood samples (lipidogram, adiponectin, glucose, glycated hemoglobin, and uric acid) were evaluated. A two-factor Generalized Estimated Equation was used to compare groups, time, and their interaction (groups∗time). Results: Women in MULT presented higher body mass, body mass index, fat mass, and abdominal circumference than COM (p < 0.01). Blood pressure was reduced (p < 0.05) in both groups. Triglycerides decreased (p < 0.05) in COM and increases in MULT (p < 0.05) over time with no changes in total cholesterol, HDL, or LDL. Uric acid increases (p < 0.01) over time in both groups. Adiponectin had higher (p < 0.01) levels in the COM group and glycated hemoglobin decrease (p < 0.05) over time in both groups without changes in blood glucose. No interaction was found in any analyzed variable. Conclusions: These results suggest that 12 weeks of Mat Pilates training can improve blood pressure and glycated hemoglobin independent of the number of morbidities of cardiometabolic disease, but may not change body composition, lipids, glucose, or adiponectin levels in postmenopausal women.
Detecção de anticorpos IgG anti-rBlo t 5 em amostras de soros de camundongos .. 35 4.4 Mensuração de IgG4 especifico a rBlo t 5 em soro de pacientes .
The present study focuses on the first electrochemical immunosensor built with polymeric mats enriched with nanomaterials, targeting the dust mite protein, for the detection of allergens in flour sources with important implications in allergic reactions. As a proof-of-concept, we have used the Blo t 5 allergen from Blomia tropicalis (target) and established electrochemical parameters to recognize and detect the specific allergen using a polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig) Y (probe). Detection was performed in a portable potentiostat (EmStat) using a graphite screen-printed electrode. For that, the nanofibrous mats of poly(lactic acid)/poly(ethylene glycol), and carbon nanotubes were placed in contact with the surface of the electrodes. The functionalization that occurs through the deposition of the polymer was induced through the passage of current. Subsequently, the modification was validated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) readings and ferri/ferrocyanide was used as a redox indicator in CV analyses. The novel immunosensor was able to discriminate between allergen-contaminated and uncontaminated farinaceous samples. The immunosensor displays high sensitivity detecting up to 50 µg/ml in the calibration curve with a linear response between 5 and 500 µg/ml. The new biosensor shows great potential in the detection of farinaceous contaminants in laboratories, food factories and in the field.
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