Co-culture of the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus with the bacteria Streptomyces peucetius led to the induction of production of formyl xanthocillin analogues. This mixed fermentation yielded two new metabolites, fumiformamide (1) and N,N'-((1Z,3Z)-1,4-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)buta-1,3-diene-2,3-diyl)diformamide (2), together with two known N-formyl derivatives and the xanthocillin analogue BU-4704. The structures were determined by spectroscopic methods and by comparison with literature. Cytotoxic activity of all the analogues was tested on the NCI-60 cell line screen, and compound 2 exhibited significant activity against several cell lines. The analogues did not show antimicrobial activity.
Coculture of the fungus Fusarium
pallidoroseum with
the bacterium Saccharopolyspora erythraea was found
to produce three new
decalin-type tetramic acid analogues related to equisetin. The structures
were determined by spectroscopic methods. The absolute configurations
were established by circular dichroism spectroscopy and comparing
the data with those of equisetin.
Bioactivity guided fractionation of an extract of Burkholderia thailandensis led to the isolation and identification of a new cytotoxic depsipeptide and its dimer. Both compounds potently inhibited the function of histone deacetylases 1 and 4. The monomer, spiruchostatin C (2), was tested side-by-side with the clinical depsipeptide FK228 (1, Istodax®, romidepsin) in a murine hollow fiber assay consisting of 12 implanted tumor cell lines. Spiruchostatin C (2) showed good activity towards LOX IMVI melanoma cells and NCI-H522 non small cell lung cancer cells. Overall, however, FK228 (1) showed a superior in vivo antitumor profile compared to the new compound.
Lithothamnin A (1) is a new bastadin-like metabolite and represents the first report of this class of molecules from the red alga Lithothamnion fragilissimum. Lithothamnin A contains several novel structural features that distinguish it from other bastadins. These unique structural features include novel aromatic substitution patterns and the presence of a meta-meta linkage between aromatic rings, in addition to the meta-para linkage seen in the bastadins. Lithothamnin A is modestly cytotoxic in a panel of six human tumor cell lines.
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