The objective was to systematically search and synthesize the evidence available in the literature about the effect of physical exercise interventions Primary Health Care (PHC), carried out in Brazil, on cardiometabolic risk factors. The search was performed in the PubMed, Virtual Health Library and Web of Science databases. The inclusion criteria were: studies with physical activity (PA) interventions or exercise in PHC; carried out in Brazil; population aged >18 years; at least one cardiometabolic risk factor assessed pre and post-intervention. The “Health Sciences Descriptors” were used to define the search descriptors: “physical activity” OR “exercise” OR “motor activity” AND “primary health care” OR “health centers” OR “primary care” AND “Brazil”. The selection phases were performed by pairs of blinded researchers and the conflicts were decided by a third evaluator. Jadad scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the articles included. In total, 1,817 articles were found and 26 duplicates excluded, leaving 1,791 for reading of titles. The abstracts of 105 articles were read, and 53 articles were read in full. Finally, 06 articles were considered eligible and included in the review. The cardiometabolic risk factors evaluated in the included studies were body mass index (4 studies), waist-hip ratio (1 study), fat percentage (1 study), blood pressure (2 studies), lipid profile (1 study), inflammatory profile (1 study), and aerobic capacity (3 studies). It is concluded that there is insufficient evidence in the literature about the effect of exercise interventions in PHC with a focus on cardiometabolic risk factors.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of the volume of participation in exercise programs offered in Primary Health Care (PHC), for 24 weeks on blood biochemical parameters of adult women. Three Basic Health Units in Rio Claro City (São Paulo) were selected and 2 exercise interventions were implemented with different volumes (3 weekly sessions, 90 minutes each; 2 weekly sessions, 60 minutes each). In total, 53 participants remained until the end of the interventions. Regardless of their number of absences, they were divided into 4 groups, according to the volume of participation (calculated individually according to the duration of sessions and the number of classes held), forming groups according to quartiles: Low Volume Group (LVG; 57.62 ± 9.97 years-old), Low Medium Volume Group (LMVG; 56.31 ± 12.18 years-old), High Medium Volume Group (HMVG; 53.00 ± 10.25 years-old), and High-Volume Group (HVG; 59.69 ± 7.66 years-old). Blood biochemical parameters were dosed using the ELISA method. The Generalized Estimation Equation Model was used to compare the biochemical parameters (time, group, and interaction; p ≤ 0.05). The analysis showed significant and positive time effect for low-density lipoproteins (LDL) and glycemia in all groups and for total cholesterol (TC) in LVG, LMVG and HMVG; a significant group effect for HVG on TC (higher levels compared to all other groups) and LDL (higher levels compared to LVG and LMVG). It is concluded that the physical exercise programs offered in the PHC contributed to a significant reduction in LDL and blood glucose levels, regardless of the volume of participation of individuals in the programs.
Objetivo: Verificar as mudanças de hábitos e manifestações psicológicas durante os três primeiros meses de isolamento social da pandemia de COVID-19. Métodos: Estudo transversal realizado entre 01 de novembro e 20 de dezembro de 2020 por meio da aplicação de questionário on-line do tipo recordatório e amostragem do método “bola de neve” no qual participaram 219 pessoas entre 18 e 65 anos, residentes do município de Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Realizou-se análise descritiva (frequência absoluta e porcentagem) das variáveis sociodemográficas, das mudanças de hábitos e das manifestações psicológicas. A análise inferencial realizou-se pela comparação do intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Resultados: Houve diferença significativa na proporção da amostra que considerou diminuição da atividade física (64,8%; IC95%: 58,0-71,2) e aumento do tempo de tela (73,1%; IC95%: 67,1-79,5), dos comportamentos ansiosos (71,2%; IC95%: 66,2-78,1), do estresse (69,4%; IC95%:63,0-75,3), do medo (58,9%; IC95%: 52,1-65,3), da tensão (57,5%; IC95%: 50,7-64,4), da insegurança (60,3%; IC95%: 53,9-66,7) e do nervosismo (57,1%; IC95%: 50,2-63,9). Em relação ao consumo de bebidas alcoólicas e dos hábitos alimentares não houve diferenças significativas entre as proporções. Conclusão: Os três primeiros meses de isolamento social impostos pela pandemia da COVID-19 influenciaram a população investigada na redução da prática de atividade física, no aumento do tempo de tela e no aumento da frequência de manifestações psicológicas.
Considerado o cenário mundial em decorrência da COVID-19, a recomendação para que a população ficasse em casa, realizasse isolamento social e evitasse aglomerações foi criteriosa. Nesse contexto, os residentes dos programas de residências multiprofissionais em saúde continuaram a exercer suas atividades profissionais, demandando esforços físicos e psíquicos para enfrentar a pandemia. As medidas para conter a disseminação do vírus influenciou mudanças de comportamento. Este estudo tem por objetivo verificar a percepção sobre mudanças de hábitos dos alunos da Residência Multiprofissional da Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, durante os três primeiros meses de pandemia de COVID-19. Trata-se de um estudo transversal, descritivo e quantitativo, com participação de 27 residentes, que responderam um questionário online. Verificou-se que na percepção dos residentes, a prática regular de atividade física diminuiu e o tempo de tela aumentou. Em relação ao padrão alimentar não houve percepção de mudanças. Conclui-se que houve mudança nos hábitos dos alunos de Residência Multiprofissional de acordo com suas percepções, durante os três primeiros meses de pandemia de COVID-19 quando comparados o período anterior.
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