This study contributes to the current research on the effect of job insecurity on turnover intentions by examining what happens to employees when job security is replaced with employment security. It analyzes whether perceived employability and irreplaceability (a) increase or decrease turnover intentions, or (b) buffer or intensify the negative effects of job insecurity on turnover intentions. The study focuses on an international context by using International Social Survey Programme (ISSP) data to assess the generalizability of the results. The findings show that perceived job insecurity increases turnover intentions in all countries. In addition, perceived employability increases turnover intentions in most countries, whereas weak evidence suggests that employees who feel irreplaceable are less likely to have turnover intentions. The results on the question about whether employees who feel employable or irreplaceable react differently to job insecurity – with respect to turnover intentions – vary widely between countries, and so a general conclusion about buffering effects cannot be drawn.
The fabrication of an entire interview, is a rare event in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) but can nevertheless lead to negative consequences regarding the panel sample, such as a loss in sample size or the need for time-consuming data corrections of information
collected in previous waves. The work presented in this article started with the discovery of a case of interviewer fabrication after fieldwork for the sixth wave of SHARE was completed. As a consequence, we developed a technical procedure to identify interview fabrication and deal with it
during ongoing fieldwork in the seventh wave. Unlike previous work that often used small experimental datasets and/or only a few variables to identify fake interviews, we implemented a more complex approach with a multivariate cluster analysis using many indicators from the available CAPI
data and paradata. Analyses with the known outcome (interview fabrication or not) in wave 6 revealed that we were able to correctly identify a large number of the truly faked interviews while keeping the rate of ‘false alarms’ rather low. With these promising results, we started
using the same script during the fieldwork for wave 7. We provided the survey agencies with information for targeted (instead of random) back checks to increase the likelihood of confirming our initial suspicion. The results show that only a very small number of interview fabrications could
be unequivocally identified.
The present article analyzes the development of the ethnic gapwith respect to the attainment of vocational degrees-over the immigration cohorts 1960-2001 by examining how social integration indicators and general secondary school education may help to explain the trend. It was found that the gap between natives and migrants increased. Above all, the large increase in the gap over cohorts between Germans and Turks is alarming. In contrast to that the gap and its increase between the group of immigrants from Central-/Eastern-/Southeastern European countries as well as from other former recruitment countries and German natives is comparably small and can to a large extent be explained by a growing gap regarding the level of general secondary education among the newer immigration cohorts and native Germans due to educational expansion and to a growing impact of the secondary school education for the achievement of vocational education. The effect of social integration plays a smaller role compared to general secondary school education and it even decreases over immigration cohorts.
The degree to which young people with a migrant background are underrepresented in vocational education and training (VET) varies between Germany's federal states. The present study applies a fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (Fs/QCA) to investigate the effects of the amount of apprenticeships, the presence of full-time vocational schools, and a transition system in Germany's federal states on the degree of ethnic inequality in VET for first-generation migrants. The results indicate that a small supply of apprenticeships and a high presence of full-time vocational schools or transition programs in a federal state are related to a large degree of ethnic inequality in VET. A small degree of ethnic inequality in VET is seen in federal states with a large supply of apprenticeships and a small amount of full-time vocational schools or transition programs.
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