The current study examines the Job Demands-Resources theory among pedagogical professionals. A total of 466 pedagogues (n = 227 teachers; n = 239 social workers) completed the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire online. After testing the questionnaire structure using confirmatory factor analysis, a JD-R-based prediction model to predict effects of strains on the outcome constructs of burnout, job satisfaction, general state of health, and life satisfaction was estimated. The results confirm the questionnaire structure (RMSEA= 0.038; CFI = 0.94) as well as the fit of the prediction model (RMSEA = 0.039; CFI = 0.93). The outcome constructs could be predicted by emotional demands, work–privacy conflict, role conflicts, influence at work, scope for decision making, and opportunities for development (0.41 ≤ R² ≤ 0.57). Especially for life satisfaction, a moderator analysis proved the differences between teachers and social workers in the structure of the prediction model. For teachers, quantitative demands and work–privacy conflict are predictive, and for social workers, role conflicts and burnout are predictive. The study offers starting points for job-related measures of prevention and intervention.
There is scientific evidence that the presence of a therapy dog can positively impact on the performance of cognitive tasks (e.g.
Gee et al., 2010
). The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a therapy dog on reading performance. Twelve children in second grade, aged 6 to 7 years old, were randomly assigned to two groups in a cross-over design. Six boys and six girls read a text in the presence of a dog and, in another session, a similar text in the presence of a human confederate. Several parameters of the reading performance and human-dog interaction were assessed. In our study a therapy dog rather than a friendly female student improved the reading performance of children in three out of four task parameters: correct word recognitions, correct recognitions of punctuation marks, and correct line breaks. There was no significant influence of the dog on reading time. The four reading parameters did not show significant correlations with the total length of eye or body contact with the dog. Results in this study are consistent with previous research that documented a positive impact on the performance of cognitive tasks in preschoolers due to the presence of a therapy dog (e.g.
Gee et al., 2012
). Our results add two new aspects. Firstly, data indicate that the presence of a dog can also be beneficial for older children. Secondly, the promotion of performance also applies to reading.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Analysen von Sprechstimmprofilen depressiver Kinder weisen spezifische sprechstimmliche Merkmale auf und können einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Diagnostik leisten.
Methode Es handelt sich um eine quasiexperimentelle Studie im Querschnittdesign zum Vergleich ausgewählter Faktoren der Sprechstimme depressiver und gesunder Kinder. 2018 wurden zwei Stichproben untersucht und jeweils Sprechstimmprofile erstellt.
Ergebnisse Es ergeben sich Unterschiede in den stimmlichen Parametern zwischen Kindern mit und ohne eine depressive Störung, welche sich in Teilen von den Ergebnissen erwachsener Sprecher unterscheiden.
Diskussion Es scheint nun möglich, über eine Sprechstimmanalyse einen Beitrag zur Verbesserung der Diagnostik von depressiven Störungen zu leisten.
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