Ordered mesoporous/microporous
carbon was synthesized from sucrose. The carbon was oxidized and modified
with urea at 600, 800, and 950 °C. The obtained carbons differed
in the pore size distributions in the meso- and micropore ranges.
The carbons, after an extensive surface characterization, were used
as ORR catalysts in a KOH electrolyte. Kinetic current densities and n reached 12.5 mA cm–2 and 3.94, respectively.
The results suggested that small micropores increased the efficiency
of ORR. The density of surface oxygen in mesopores had also a positive
effect on ORR by increasing the hydrophilicity and the electrochemically
active surface area (ECSA) and, thus, the accessibility of oxygen
dissolved in the electrolyte to the pores of the highest adsorption
potential. From the viewpoint of the number of electron transfers,
current density, and onset potential, the carbons with small pore
sizes and with only traces of nitrogen performed equally, or even
better, in ORR process as those containing the catalytic nitrogen
sites.
The dual site-bond model (SBM) to describe heterogeneous surfaces with different energetic topographies is reviewed and applied to the study of molecular processes on solid surfaces such as adsorption, surface diffusion, reactions, and diffusion limited aggregation. It is found that all these processes are strongly affected by the energetic topography, and the observed behaviors are discussed.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.