The solubility of tris(hydroxymethyl)-aminomethane (TRIS) in various mass fractions of water + methanol solvent mixtures at (293.2, 298.2, 303.2, 308.2, and 313.2) K was measured using a laser monitoring technique. The generated data were mathematically represented using the Jouyban−Acree model. The back-calculated mole fraction solubilities are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental values as documented by an overall mean percentage deviation of 3.2 %. ■ INTRODUCTIONSolubility data enable researchers to select the most appropriate solvent system for solubilization or crystallization of a solute. Mixed solvents provide "tunable polarity solvents" to alter the solubility of a given solute. These mixtures are also used as mobile phases and/or solvents for the background electrolytes in analytical separation methods such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE) where the low solubility of electrolytes at higher concentrations of the organic solvent might be a limiting parameter. Mixed solvents applied in this context may improve the solubility of the analyte, the resolution of the peaks of various analytes, or determine other relevant analytical parameters like pK a values, partition coefficients, or electrophoretic and electroosmotic mobilities. A quick survey on the published HPLC and CE methods for pharmaceutical analysis showed that TRIS buffer has been used primarily in the following binary solvent systems. The most frequently used mixed solvents are water + acetonitrile (55 %), followed by water + methanol (36 %), water + ethanol (4 %), methanol + acetonitrile (3 %), and water + 1-propanol (2 %). 12Because of this high practical importance, it was our intention to measure the solubility of TRIS in binary aqueous mixtures of methanol at different temperatures for validating a lab-made setup and to extend the available database of solubilities. 13 To enable the calculation of the solubility of TRIS at any composition of the binary solvent mixture and temperatures, we fitted the data to the Jouyban−Acree model and its combined version with the van't Hoff equation.
The aqueous solubility of a drug candidate is a vital physicochemical property that stops a drug candidate from proceeding further in the drug development processes. Classical solubility determination methods, which are commonly used in pharmaceutical laboratories, are expensive and time-consuming. In this work, an automated determination method is proposed that is based on a laser monitoring technique, and the validity of the measured solubilities is checked by comparing the measured solubilities of acetaminophen at various temperatures as proposed in various literatures. An additional set of acetaminophen solubilities in various concentrations of a surface active agent is measured at various temperatures, which has been reported for the first time, and it could be applied in the pharmaceutical industry, where solubilization of acetaminophen in aqueous solutions is required.
Solubility of tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) in various mass fractions of binary solvent mixtures of methanol and 1-propanol [at (293.2, 298.2, 303.2, 308.2, and 313.2) K] was measured and mathematically represented using the Jouyban-Acree model. The correlated mole fraction solubilities are in good agreement with the corresponding experimental values with an overall mean percentage deviation of 1.7%. Densities of saturated solutions of TRIS in pure methanol and 1-propanol at various temperatures were measured and employed to predict the density of saturated solutions of TRIS in their binary solvent mixtures. ■ INTRODUCTIONBuffer solutions composed of binary solvents are used as mobile phases and/or background electrolytes in analytical separation methods such as liquid chromatography or capillary electrophoresis, where the low solubility of the buffering agents at higher concentrations of the low polar solvent may cause practical problems. Using nonaqueous based mobile phases and/or running buffers, suitable analytical methods enable analyzing highly hydrophobic analytes or compounds that exhibit restricted stability in aqueous media. 1 Addition of the second organic solvent to aqueous solutions alters the solubility of the analyte, the resolution of analytes, or determine other relevant analytical parameters like pK a values, partition coefficients or electrophoretic mobilities. 2,3 In addition to these applications, the solubility data of TRIS is also required in solubilization/crystallization studies. The common method for obtaining a solute's solubility is the trial and error approach which is a time-consuming and costly method. Any predictive tool to estimate the best solvent composition for solubilization/ crystallization of Tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (TRIS) is obviously in demand.TRIS (chemical abstract service number 77-86-1) is a common buffering agent in chemical and biochemical areas. It is used in nonaqueous solvents for analytical and separation purposes. Available solubility data of TRIS in various solvent mixtures is reviewed in a recent publication 4 along with reporting TRIS solubility in water + methanol (MeOH) 2 and water + 1-propanol (1-PrOH) 5 mixtures at 293.2 to 313.2 K. A quick survey on the published pharmaceutical analysis methods showed that MeOH + 1-PrOH has been used in some developed analytical methods. 6 To continue our systematic investigations on the solubility of solutes in solvent mixtures, the solubility of TRIS in MeOH + 1-PrOH mixtures at different temperatures [(293.2, 298.2, 303.2, 308.2, and 313.2) K] was measured using a validated labmade setup. 4,7 The trained version of a mathematical model is presented to provide a predictive tool for calculation of the solubility of TRIS at any composition of MeOH + 1-PrOH solvent mixture and at any temperature in the range mentioned.■ EXPERIMENTAL SECTION Materials. TRIS (with the stated purity of 0.999 in mass fraction) and MeOH (mass fraction purity of 0.999) were purchased from Merck (Germany). 1-PrOH (ma...
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