This study was designed to evaluate the effect of hydro-methanol leaf extract of Eugenia uniflora on lead-induced reproductive toxicity in male Wistar rats. The male rats used for the study were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group I was the negative control group which received no treatment. Group II was the positive control which received 5 mg/kg BW Lead daily, while Group III received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 200mg/kg BW of extract., Group IV received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 400mg/kg BW of extract and group V received 5 mg/kg BW of Lead and 800mg/kg BW of extract. The administration was by oral gavage once daily for 30 days. At the end, animals were sacrificed under light chloroform anesthesia. Blood samples were collected into plain bottles for hormonal assay. The epidydimis was located with a small incision on the abdomen and semen sample was collected for analysis of sperm parameters. The data was analysed by applying one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS version 23 software. Results of this study showed that extract of Eugenia uniflora significantly increased the level of serum testosterone and the percentages of viable sperm cells, sperm cells with normal morphology and actively motile sperm cells as well as, sperm count. The extract ameliorated lead induced reproductive toxicity. The result therefore, show that the extract improves sperm quality and quantity and protects the male reproductive function from the hazardous effect of environmental toxicants such as lead.
The use of Brophyllum pinnatum in the treatment of several ailments in traditional medicine practice is common. The effect of hydromethanolic leaf extract of Bryophyllum pinnatum on reproductive parameters of male wistar rats was investigated in this study. Male wistar rats were randomly assigned into three (3) groups. Group one which served as control received distilled water. Groups two and three received 100mg/kg body weight and 200mg/kg body weight of the extract . The extracts were administered as single oral doses for 30 and 58 days for hormonal and sperm quality studies respectively. Results obtained showed that there was significant (p<0.05) increase in LH and TET at the low dose (100mg/kg) bw. However, there was significant (p<0.05) reduction in sperm count, volume and the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa. The leaf extract of Brophyllum pinnatum possesses antifertility effects due to its suppressive effects on spermatogenesis in male wistar rats.
Original Research ArticleMomordica charantia is a medicinal plant found mainly in East Africa and Asia. It is applied in folklore remedies in the treatment of diabetes, cough etc. The plant has been reported to contain important substances especially necessary for erythropoiesis. This study investigated the effects of the leaves of Momordica charantia on haematological parameters of male wistar rats. The animals were divided into three (3) groups of six (6) rats each. Group one (1) served as control and received distilled water. Group two (2) and group three (3) rats were treated with 200mg/kg bw and 400mg/kg bw of the hydromethanolic extract of the leaves of Momordica charantia respectively, for a period of 30 days. The results indicated that the extract did not significantly (p<0.05) affect the red blood cell count, packed cell volume and haemoglobin concentration. The white blood cell (WBC) count and platelet count were significantly increased following extract administration. This study has shown that the extract may be useful in promoting haemostasis due to observed increase in platelets counts, in male wistar rats.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the ethanolic extract of Persea americana (avocado) on the haematological parameters of male Wistar rats. The rats were randomly divided into three groups of five rats each. They were treated with ethanolic extract of Persea americana (except the control group). Group 1 received distilled water, Group 2 received 200mg/kg of the extract and Group 3 received 400mg/kg of the extract. The administration was done for 21 days. At the end of the administration, the rats were sacrificed under chlorofoam aneaesthesia and blood samples obtained and sent to the laboratory for analysis. The statistical analysis was done using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences software version 21.0. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was used to compare means. There was a significant (p<0.5) increase in packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration. There was no significant change in platelet count, white blood cell count, mean corpuscular haemoglobin, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular volume, neutrophils count, lymphocytes count, eosinophil and monocyte count, Result of the present study has shown that the ethanolic stem bark extract of Persea americana improved the red cell series and may be useful in treatment of anaemia because of its ability to cause a significant increase in PCV, RBC and Hb concentration.
Solanum Melongena is a highly nutritive medicinal plant which is cultivated in many countries including Nigeria where it is mainly grown in the northern part of the country.The plant is also applied in folklore remedies in the treatment of different ailments.The present study was carried out to investigate the testicular antioxidant and lipid effects of the fruit of Solanum Melongena on male wistar rats. The rats were divided into three (3) groups of six (6) rats each. Group one (1) served as control and received distilled water. Group two (2) and group three (3) were treated with 200mg/kg bw and 400mg/kg bw of the hydromethanol (20:80) extract of Solanum Melongena respectively. Extract was administered orally as single daily dose for a period of 30 days. The results obtained showed that the extract caused significant increase in the superoxide dismutase and catalase enzyme activities and also signicantly reduced malondialdehyde level. The serum concentrations of total cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly reduced but the serum concentrations of the high density lipoprotein cholesterol was increased. This study have shown that extract of Solanum Melongena inhibit lipid peroxidation and may reduce the risk of coronary artery disease in male wistar rats.
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