Abstract. This paper introduces methods and services called PerPosNav for development of custom indoor pedestrian navigation applications to be deployed on a variety of platforms. PerPosNav is built on top of the PerPos positioning middleware [8] that fusions GPS, WiFi and inertial tracking into indoor positioning with high accuracy in many types of buildings. The challenges of indoor navigation are discussed and the PerPosNav services are introduced. PerPosNav combines symbolic and geometry based modeling of buildings, and in turn combines graph-based and geometric route computation. The paper argues why these hybrid approaches are necessary to handle the challenges of indoor pedestrian navigation. Furthermore, a fluent navigation is maintained via route tracking and navigation services that generate instructions based on how the user moves in relation to the prescribed route. The viability of PerPosNav has been proven by implementation of support for multiple modes of pedestrian indoor navigation: 1) augmented signs, 2) map based navigation on smartphones, 3) auditory navigation on smartphones solely via earbuds, and 4) augmented reality navigation. Experiences from the use of the PerPosNav services are discussed and compared to other indoor pedestrian navigation approaches.
Abstract.A positioning middleware benefits the development of location aware applications. Traditionally, positioning middleware provides position transparency in the sense that it hides low-level details. However, many applications require access to specific details of the usually hidden positioning process. To address this problem this paper proposes a positioning middleware named PerPos that is translucent and adaptable, i.e., it supports both high-and low-level interaction. The PerPos middleware provides translucency with respect to the positioning process and allows programmatic definition of application specific features that can be applied to the internal position processing of the middleware. To evaluate these capabilities we extend the internal position processing of the middleware with functionality supporting probabilistic position tracking and strategies for minimization of the energy consumption. The result of the evaluation is that using only the proposed capabilities we can, in a structured manner, extend the internal positioning processing.
Software architecture practice is highly complex. Software architects interact with business as well as technical aspects of systems, often embedded in large and changing organizations. We first make an argument that an appropriate research agenda for understanding, describing, and changing architectural practice in this context is based on an action research agenda in which researchers use ethnographic techniques to understand practice and engages directly with and in practice when proposing and designing new practices. Secondly, we present an overview of an ongoing project which applies action research techniques to understand and potentially change architectural practice in four Danish software companies.
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