The authors investigated the relationship between self-compassion and trait resilience and tested the potential moderating roles of these variables in the relationship between trauma exposure and general psychological distress in a sample of undergraduate students (N = 296). Results revealed a significant relationship between self-compassion and trait resilience. Self-compassion emerged as a significant moderator in this relationship, whereas trait resilience did not. Given high rates of trauma exposure in college student populations, implications for counseling are discussed.
The world is facing the largest number of displaced persons in history, with many refugee persons seeking safety in the United States. Among many challenges, refugee persons may face difficulty when navigating the world of work in the United States. We conceptualize career-related barriers for refugee persons residing in the United States, including economic constraints, acculturation challenges, and health disparities. Given these challenges, we describe the relevance of psychology of working theory as a potential theoretical model from which to conceptualize career concerns in refugee persons. Finally, based on previous research, we provide implications for counselors working with refugee persons with vocational concerns, as well as suggested areas for future research.
Resilience is the process of adapting effectively to various forms of adversity, stress, or trauma such that overall levels of distress are minimized and is often assessed using the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10 (CD-RISC-10). Despite growing evidence for its use in international samples, psychometric support for this measure with African American populations is scarce. Thus, in a community sample of African American men and women (N = 4,025, 80% women), we investigated the psychometric properties of the CD-RISC-10 across gender using a variety of statistical techniques, including multiple group confirmatory factor analysis, item response theory, differential item functioning, and examination of patterns of correlations with associated constructs. We found that the CD-RISC-10 was not equivalent across gender and that items only provide coverage at low-to-moderate levels of resilience. Although item difficulty was similar across gender, there were gender differences in item discrimination, item functioning, and patterns of correlations with associated constructs. Taken together, these results indicate that researchers should be cautious when using this measure of resilience with African American populations.
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