EMLA with AV aids was better when compared with EMLA without AV aids followed by benzocaine with AV aids. Benzocaine topical anaesthetic agent without AV aids was least effective in reducing the pain scores and improving the oxygen saturation rate.

The aim of the present study was to compare the accuracy of the bracket slot dimension at base and at face and at the mesial and distal surfaces of conventional 0.022 slot metal brackets marketed by different manufacturers. Materials and methods:Twenty brackets each of 0.022 inch upper left central incisor brackets from five different manufacturers were taken for evaluation of slot dimensions with a stereomicroscope. The images obtained were calibrated with a software (Dewinter Biowizard 4.3). The bracket slot at the base and the face were measured at both the mesial and distal tie-wings. The values obtained were subjected to ANOVA and paired t-tests. Results:The size of the slots ranged from a minimum of 0.0201" to maximum of 0.0248". In general, the size of the slots was greater at the face than at the base. The mean percentage loss of symmetry from base to face for different manufacturers ranged from 2.589 to 8.958%. There was a significant difference in the slot size between the mesial and distal aspects for all the brackets except 3M and Ortho Organizer. Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that orthodontic bracket slots were different than stated by the manufacturers. All the brackets were larger at the face than at the base. Clinicians should be aware that there may be a three-dimensional loss of tooth positioning as a result of the inadvertent use of orthodontic brackets with inaccurate slots.

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