This article is investigating a variety of techniques in teaching English such as class discussions, presentations, small group discussions, pair work, group work, special projects, and task-oriented assignments. It is beyond the argument that different kinds of methods and teaching techniques should be tried to make the teaching better. It depends on teachers how they make good use of methodologies of teaching English. In this paper, various methods such as "Mind map", "Venn diagram", and "Brainstorming", approaches and their techniques in teaching students are described and applied as an ESL instructor's tool. Students list and categorize the concepts and ideas relating to a topic in these activities. It is important to note that all the above techniques have the common goal of education-to teach students to communicate in English, as well as participate in the development of individual students.
The main purpose of this article is to define intercultural concepts in one of the most ancient monuments of Turkic culture work "Baburnama", written by Zakhiriddin Muhammad Babur. This article describes the understanding of the term "intercultural concept" and its main features with characteristics. Intercultural concepts usually represented by words in the national and cultural semantics, occupy an actual place in the linguistic picture of the world, contributing to the study of its ethical and mental identity in the minds of native speakers. The research objects are intercultural concepts in the text "Baburnama" as the most important components of Central Asian peoples' national culture. We clarified the artistic and intercultural concepts based on the research works of domestic and foreign linguists' opinions. The relevance of addressing intercultural concepts study in the text "Baburnama" is due to insufficient research of intercultural concepts, which are reflecting various important social and spiritual phenomena in the life of Central Asian people for a long time.
Each state and people has its own set of internal and external threats and, accordingly, its own specifics of ensuring national and spiritual security. Ensuring national security is associated primarily with the preservation and development of national identity, reflecting the traditions of the life of society, its culture and history. The degradation and then the disappearance of national (or ethnic) self-awareness means, in fact, the spiritual death of the people - the bearer of this self-awareness. Therefore, everything that threatens the destruction of national self-consciousness, fraught with the danger of its dissolution in the self-consciousness of other peoples, is a threat to the spiritual security of the people. Among the obvious internal premises that ensure the national and spiritual security of our country, we should name the unification of the people to solve national tasks of a spiritual and material order, the awareness of its representatives of their own interests and the manifestation of an organized will to protect them, optimized state institutions ready to ensure the protection of national interests, to guarantee stable and harmonious development of society, anticipating spiritual, cultural and scientific development, maintaining general stability in the state, establishing mutually beneficial business partnerships with all states of the world, but also taking into account a distant historical perspective, ensuring reliable protection of the sovereignty, integrity and security of your state.
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