Scrotal sonography was performed in the infertile males. Sonography of epididymis was performed to document its presence, appearance, echo texture and duct ectasia. The spermatic cord was examined to document the status of the vas deferens. TRUS was performed to look for distal vas. Epididymal abnormalities were universal in men with congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens, with a sensitivity of 100%. Three types of abnormal appearances were recognized ‐ a honeycomb appearance, a fine meshwork pattern of head, or complete or partial absence of epididymis. Identification of these abnormalities can be a very sensitive marker for congenital bilateral absence of vas deferens.

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Introduction To assess the effectiveness and safety of fixed dose combination (FDC) of antioxidants in treatment of idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia. Materials and methods Placebo-controlled, Double-blind, randomized, Parallel three arm, Multicentric trial. Setting Fertility clinics of five centers across India. Patients One hundred and thirty-eight male subjects, aged between 21 and 50 years and subfertile for 1 year or more with the following baseline sperm selection criteria: Concentration <15 million/ml and total sperm motility <40%. Intervention(s) Eligible subjects were randomized to either of the three arms in a double-blind manner, i.e. arm 1 was given 2 tablets twice daily of FDC of antioxidants (coenzyme-Q10: 50 mg, L-carnitine: 500 mg, lycopene: 2.5 mg and zinc: 12.5 mg); arm 2 was given 1 tablet of FDC of antioxidants and one tablet of placebo twice daily and arm 3 was two tablets twice daily of matching placebo all for 180 days. Main outcome measure(s) The primary outcome measures were improvement in sperm count and sperm motility, whereas pregnancy rate was the secondary efficacy outcome. Results Compared to placebo, a statistically significant improvement was seen in sperm count (14.8-26.35 in arm 1 and 14.37-24.8 million/ml in arm 2, p < 0.0001), and sperm total motility (39.2-51.6% in arm 1 and 38.4-50.1% in arm 2, p < 0.0001), at 90 days, and treatment further improved these parameters at day 180. No intergroup difference was seen between arm 1 and arm 2. Mild adverse event of upper gastrointestinal discomfort by 8 subjects (three in arm 1; one in arm 2 and four subjects in arm 3) were reported. No serious adverse event was seen in the study. Conclusion Exogenous administration of fixed dose combination of antioxidants is a safe and effective therapy in improving the male subfertility. How to cite this article Gopinath PM, Kalra B, Saxena A, Malik S, Kochhar K, Kalra S, Zaveri H. Fixed Dose Combination Therapy of Antioxidants in Treatment of Idiopathic Oligoasthenozoospermia: Results of a Randomized, Doubleblind, Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial. Int J Infertility Fetal Med 2013;4(1):6-13.

causing increased secretion of electrolytes and water to the intestine.The aim of the study was to characterize the effect an upregulated GC-C receptor has on the gastrointestinal tract using abdominal ultrasound.Methods: 23 patients with FGDS (14 female) were examined with abdominal ultrasonography in a fasting state, and the results were compared with those from a healthy population (n5 122). A Logiq E9 ultrasound scanner with curvilinear (C1-5) and linear probes (9L) was used. Bowel wall thickness in the small and large intestine was measured and the number of fluid-filled small bowel loops counted using magnetic positioning navigation. General motility in the jejunum and ileum was registered according to a semiquantiative scale and described as propagating or non-propagating.The occlusive / non-occlusive contractions were counted.Results: The FGDS patients had significantly more fluid filled small bowel loops (median 9, 1-28) compared to healthy controls (median 0, 0-5), p, 0.001. Non-propagating contractions were seen in 8/16 and 18 /19 in the jejunum and ileum respectively. The wall thickness did not differ significantly from healthy subjects.Conclusions: A unique characteristic of FGDS is multiple, fluid-filled bowel loops with ineffective motility. Although patients with upregulated GC-C receptor may have an increased risk of CD, we did not find an overall increase in bowel wall thickness which is a common finding in inflammatory bowel diseases.Objectives: (1) The purpose of this educational exhibit is describe the imaging patterns of elastography in solid Abstracts S37