Eucalyptus is a plant frequently present and cultivated in arid regions because of its high adaptation to drought. Furthermore, it is known by its numerous species which represents a great opportunity to choose several tolerant species with variable uses. Therefore, the choice of species, hybrids or genotypes resistant to aridity becomes a necessity before any plantation in regions and countries characterized by semi-arid, arid and Saharan climates. Our review shows an important effect of drought on anatomical, physiological and biochemical parameters of Eucalyptus spp. Indeed, water stress acts directly on growth, yield and response to pests. However, the response to drought varies significantly among species, genotypes, hybrids and clones. This result represents a field for the selection of eucalypts tolerant and adapted to water deficit or climate change.
Background and hypothesis: Castor bean (Ricinus communis) is spontaneous in Tunisia with a wide geographical distribution. To study seed morphology we introduced J index as the percent of similarity of seed images to an ovoid. Reduced seed size, J index and color intensity were observed in the population grown in the desert (Martín Gómez et al. 2016). Our objective is to analyze the variability in castor bean grown from seeds obtained from different geographic origins, to describe morphotypes and to find phenotypic parameters to select productive populations. Data description, mathematical model, study site and methods: Seeds collected from twelve populations in 12 Tunisian sites (4 bioclimatic regions) were sown in the experimental field of INRGREF in Gabes (Tunisia). After 10 months, morphological and agronomic characteristics of plants were measured. Morphological traits of seeds were analyzed. Results: Three groups were obtained. The first represented by a single population (northern Tunisia) is characterized by small leaves, large fruit, small seed and early flowering. The second group includes nine populations with intermediate values for fruit and seed dimensions. The third group characterized by reduced fruit length and elevated values of seed length and width. Seed yield varied between populations. Conclusions: Some features of seeds were maintained from the parental generation. Reduced size and color intensity with increased roundness values were maintained in the seeds of the Saharan region. J index values, reflecting the morphological similarity with an ovoid, increased in relation to the previous generation, in general as in particular in the seeds of the Saharan region. Keywords: Ricinus communis, diversity, morphology, seed yield, aborted seeds. Variación genética y rendimiento de las semillas en plantas de ricino (Ricinus communis L.) cultivadas en Túnez ResumenAntecedentes e hipótesis: El ricino (Ricinus communis) es espontáneo en Túnez con una amplia distribución geográfica. Para estudiar la morfología de la semilla introdujimos el índice J como el porcentaje de similitud de las imágenes de semillas con un ovoide. Se observó un menor tamaño, índice J e intensidad de color en semillas de la población crecida en el desierto (Martín Gómez et al., 2016). Nuestro objetivo es analizar la variabilidad en cultivos de ricino a partir de semillas obtenidas de diferentes orígenes geográfi-cos, describir morfotipos y encontrar parámetros fenotípicos para seleccionar poblaciones productivas. Descripción de datos y métodos: Se sembraron semillas de doce poblaciones en 12 localidades (4 regiones bioclimáticas) en el campo experimental del INRGREF en Gabes (Túnez). Después de 10 meses, se midieron las características morfológicas y agronómicas de las plantas y se analizaron los rasgos morfológicos de las semillas. Resultados: Se obtuvieron tres grupos. El primero representado por una sola población (norte de Túnez) se caracteriza por hojas pequeñas, frutos grandes, semillas pequeñas y floración tempran...
Submission of an original paper with copyright agreement and authorship responsibility.I (corresponding author) certify that I have participated sufficiently in the conception and design of this work and the analysis of the data (wherever applicable), as well as the writing of the manuscript, to take public responsibility for it. I believe the manuscript represents valid work. I have reviewed the final version of the manuscript and approve it for publication. Neither has the manuscript nor one with substantially similar content under my authorship been published nor is being considered for publication elsewhere, except as described in an attachment. Furthermore I attest that I shall produce the data upon which the manuscript is based for examination by the editors or their assignees, if requested.Thanking you.
Eucalyptus has become one of the most widely planted genera in the world because of its tolerance to a wide range of soil types and climates, as well as for its many industrial, commercial and medicinal uses. Eucalyptus torquata Luehm. is a plantation species frequently planted in semi-arid and arid regions for its ecological, forestry, ornamental and melliferous interests. Based on literature, drought tolerance of this species was mostly directed to adaptation mechanisms. Physiological investigations reveal the importance of stomatal closure and increased solute contents suggesting that osmotic adjustment is one of the main responses to drought in E. torquata. On the other hand, it showed low sensitivity to salt stress. This paper also highlights the immense benefits of E. torquata which contains essential oils with variable chemical composition and rich essentially in 1,8-cineole, torquatone, α-pinene, trans-myrtanol, α-eudesmol, β-eudesmol, globulol, trans-pinocarveol and aromadendrene. These oils, as well as the methanol and aqueous extracts possess a wide variety of bioactivities of great importance which are particularly valuable as antibacterial and antifungal agents also have a strong toxicity against insects and mites in addition to antiproliferative and cytotoxic effects against different types of cancer cells.
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