Aim: To study the indications of penetrating keratoplasty in Southern India.Settings and Design: Retrospective study. Material and Methods:Retrospective evaluation of eye bank records from December, 2002 to December, 2012 with respect to indications for penetrating keratoplasty.Results: During the period considered for study, 102 penetrating keratoplasties were performed. The leading indications for penetrating keratoplasty were corneal scarring (60.7%), followed by regrafting (12.7%), spheroidal degeneration (9.8%), aphakic bullous keratopathy (5.88%), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (2.94%), acute infectious keratitis (2.94%), corneal dystrophy and keratoconus (4.9%). Healed infectious keratitis (72.88%) was the most common subcategory among the eyes with corneal scarring followed by traumatic corneal scars (16.12%). Conclusion:Corneal scarring from healed infectious keratitis are the most common indication for keratoplasty in Southern India.