Objectives: Otitis media with effusion is widespread in pre-school and school-going children. The objective of this study was to compare the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) in normal versus mentally handicapped children in perspective of seasonal variation. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Pakistan Air Force Hospital Masroor, Karachi. Period: From January 2015 till August 2016. Material & Methods: 208 children between 3-8 years of age were divided into ‘Mentally Normal’ and ‘Mentally Handicapped’ groups based on a cut off intelligence quotient score of 70. Results: Otitis media with effusion uniformly affected all school children. Tympanometric pressures from middle ears of both study groups responded indifferently from each other (p value 0.467 and 0.365 for right middle ear, and 0.708 and 0.920 for left middle ears, in summer and winter, respectively). However, most caregivers of mentally handicapped children exhibited greater concerns about complications associated with otitis media with effusion in winters (p value 0.002). Conclusion: Otitis media with effusion is an insidious condition which remains under diagnosed and adversely affects auditory function and speech. Children may develop this condition regardless of their intellectual status. However craniofacial dysmorphism puts a child at a greater risk of otitis media with effusion. Awareness at primary education and healthcare level, a high index of suspicion in these children, careful examination and prompt referral for expert otologic intervention is pivotal in avoiding complications.
Objectives: To evaluate deleterious impact of novel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), on both maternal and fetal well being during pregnancy. Study Design: Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Survey. Setting: Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan); Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics, Frontier Corps Hospital, Quetta Cantonment (Balochistan), and the Department of Otorhinolaryngology (ENT), Combined Military Hospital, Chiltan Road, Quetta (Balochistan). Period: March 2020 till July 2020. Material & Methods: Careful history, clinical and obstetrical examination radiology and real time polymerase chain reaction of nasopharyngeal swab were carried out in pregnant patients presenting for childbirth. Deliveries were conducted through spontaneous vaginal birth and caesarean section as per indication. Neonatal evaluation and nasopharyngeal swab for COVID-19 real time polymerase chain reaction in all delivered fetuses were performed. Results: 516 pregnant women underwent spontaneous vaginal delivery and caesarean sections at these hospitals during the study duration. 4.06% (n=21) were confirmed as COVID-19 infected. All of the fetuses born to these infected mothers were delivered healthy and COVID-19 negative, except for one preterm fetus born at 22nd week of gestation on account of maternal gestational hypertension. Conclusion: Trans-placental spread of COVID-19 infection to the fetus is unlikely. However, the infection places a pregnant mother at much higher risk to develop complications which may occasionally lead to adverse pregnancy outcome.
Objective: We aimed at establishing a correlation between deviated nasal septum and pulmonary artery hypertension in patients reporting in Otorhinolaryngology (ENT) clinic at Combined Military Hospital Quetta, and evaluating the beneficial impact of sub mucoperichondrial resection (SMR) operation on right heart myocardial function, primarily related to Pulmonary Arterial Pressures of these patients of longstanding nasal septal deviation. Study Design: Descriptive; hospital-based cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: Departments of Otorhinolaryngology & Cardiology, Combined Military Hospital, Quetta, from Sep 2019 to Apr 2021. Methodology: Electrocardiographic and 2-Dimensional Echocardiographic parameters of 87 randomized patients suffering from symptomatic longstanding deviated nasal septum (DNS) who had consented to undergo sub mucoperichondrial resection (SMR) operation were compared and studied for any change in status of probability of pulmonary arterial hypertension before and two months after their surgery. Probability of pulmonary hypertension was estimated using probability criteria from updated European Society of Cardiology Pulmonary Hypertension Guidelines 2019. Patients were classified into low, intermediate and high probability depending upon the number of criteria fulfilled by echocardiographic parameters. Results: Two (2.3%) patients suffering from deviated nasal septum presented with p-pulmonale. Twelve (13.8%) reported with right bundle branch block, and 7 (8%) patients demonstrated right axis deviation on electrocardiography. Overall high probability to develop pulmonary hypertension was discovered in 2 (2.3%) patients. We observed a significant improvement in pulmonary artery pressures in patients suffering from long term upper airway obstruction, two months following sub mucoperichondrial resection operation, in terms of maximum velocity and peak tricuspid regurgitation, right ventricle/left..........
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.