Summary:In the present work, using the catalysts used in the long run activity tests, the deposits of the carbonaceous materials, vanadium and nickel on the catalyst beds or on the surface of the catalyst particles was investigated. From the experimental results, the following conclusions were obtained.(1) In the early stage of the formation of the deposits, the amount of deposits was dependent on the temperature distribution inside the reactor. However, with the progress of reaction time, the amount was apt to increase more in the lower part of the catalyst bed rather than in the upper part. The average amount of the deposited carbon became constant after 100 hours on stream and the increase afterward was not recognised. The average amount varied with the kinds of the catalysts and the amount of asphaltene contained in the feed oil.(2) Though varied with the catalyst, vanadium deposited more in the upper part of the catalyst bed and less in the lower part. The activation energy of the vanadium was about 10kcal/mol. (3) Through nickel is similar in behavior to vanadium which tends to deposit more in the upper part and less in the lower part, it spreads out more widely on the whole catalyst bed.(4) On the catalysts of smaller mean pore diameter, the vanadium deposited in little amount, thinly but densely on the surface. While, on the catalysts of larger mean pore diameter, it deposited in large amount, but sparsely on the surface, and deeply as far as the considerably inner part. Nickel, like vanadium, deposited in much amount and spread to as far as the considerably deep inner part of the catalyst particles. Carbon deposited inside of cracks or holes which had been supposedly produced during preparation of the catalyst.
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