Purpose The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence, characteristics, and clinical significance of concomitant specific cardiomyopathies in subjects with bicuspid aortic valves (BAVs). Materials and Methods A total of 1186 adults with BAV (850 males, mean age 56±14 years) at a single tertiary center were comprehensively reviewed. Left ventricular non-compaction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy were confirmed when patients fulfilled current clinical and echocardiographic criteria. Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics, including comorbidities, heart failure presentation, BAV morphology, function, and aorta phenotypes, in BAV subjects with or without specific cardiomyopathies were compared. Results Overall, 67 subjects (5.6%) had concomitant cardiomyopathies: 40 (3.4%) patients with left ventricular non-compaction, 17 (1.4%) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and 10 (0.8%) with dilated cardiomyopathy. BAV subjects with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy had higher prevalences of diabetes mellitus and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, and tended to have type 0 phenotype, while BAV subjects with dilated cardiomyopathy showed higher prevalences of chronic kidney disease and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. BAV subjects with left ventricular non-compaction were significantly younger and predominantly male, and had greater BAV dysfunction and a higher prevalence of normal aorta shape. In multiple regression analysis, cardiomyopathy was independently associated with heart failure (odds ratio 2.795, 95% confidential interval 1.603–4.873, p <0.001) after controlling for confounding factors. Conclusion Concomitant cardiomyopathies were observed in 5.6% of subjects with BAV. A few different clinical and echocardiographic characteristics were found. The presence of cardiomyopathy was independently associated with heart failure.
BackgroundHemorheologic indices are known to be related to vascular complications in variable clinical settings. However, little is known about the associations between hemorheologic parameters and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the changes of hemorheologic environment inside of blood using hemorheologic parameters, especially the elongation index (EI) and critical shear stress (CSS) in diabetics with versus without AMI.MethodsA total of 195 patients with T2DM were enrolled. Patients were divided into the study group with AMI (AMI+, n=77) and control group (AMI−, n=118) who had no history of coronary artery disease. Hemorheologic parameters such as EI and CSS were measured and compared between the two groups.ResultsThe EI was lower (30.44%±1.77% in AMI+ and 31.47%±1.48% in AMI−, P<0.001) but the level of CSS was higher (316.13±108.20 mPa in AMI+ and 286.80±85.34 mPa in AMI−, P=0.040) in the AMI+. The CSS was significantly related to the erythrocyte sedimentation rate (R2=0.497, P<0.001) and use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (R2=0.574, P=0.048).ConclusionDiabetics with AMI resulted in adverse hemorheologic changes with lower EI and higher CSS compared to diabetic subjects without AMI. Evaluation of the hemorheologic parameters may provide valuable supplementary information for managing patients with AMI and T2DM.
Background and Objectives The relationship between the hospital percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) volumes and the in-hospital clinical outcomes of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) remains the subject of debate. This study aimed to determine whether the in-hospital clinical outcomes of patients with AMI in Korea are significantly associated with hospital PCI volumes. Methods We selected and analyzed 17,121 cases of AMI, that is, 8,839 cases of non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction and 8,282 cases of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction, enrolled in the 2014 Korean percutaneous coronary intervention (K-PCI) registry. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to hospital annual PCI volume, that is, to a high-volume group (≥400/year) or a low-volume group (<400/year). Major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) were defined as composites of death, cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), stent thrombosis, stroke, and need for urgent PCI during index admission after PCI. Results Rates of MACCE and non-fatal MI were higher in the low-volume group than in the high-volume group (MACCE: 10.9% vs. 8.6%, p=0.001; non-fatal MI: 4.8% vs. 2.6%, p=0.001, respectively). Multivariate regression analysis showed PCI volume did not independently predict MACCE. Conclusions Hospital PCI volume was not found to be an independent predictor of in-hospital clinical outcomes in patients with AMI included in the 2014 K-PCI registry.
Postinfarction ventricular septal rupture (VSR) is a rare but fatal complication of acute myocardial infarction. In many cases, postinfarction VSR leads to hemodynamic instability and urgent surgical treatment is necessary. Here we describe a case of a patient with right ventricular (RV) dysfunction caused by acute RV infarction and with cardiogenic shock, whose condition improved after development of postinfarction VSR, but the patient died after corrective surgery.
We report on a rare case involving a 23-year-old female patient with mediastinal cystic mass complicated with acute pericarditis and cardiac tamponade. Pericardial fluid demonstrated lymphocyte-predominant exudate and the level of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was unexpectedly elevated. Successive aspiration of mediastinal cystic mass revealed a very high level of CEA (>100,000 U/mL) and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (>15,000 ng/mL). This patient was clinically diagnosed as an infected bronchogenic cyst complicated with pericarditis and cardiac tamponade. The treatment resulted in alleviation of her symptoms.
Purulent pericarditis is defined as a localized pericardial infection with gross pus formation in the pericardial space. Although purulent pericarditis is now rare in the antibiotic era, it may be life-threatening. We describe a rare case of purulent pericarditis that originated from a subdiaphragmatic suppurative focus in an immunocompromised host.
BackgroundIbandronate (Bonviva®) is effective in the treatment of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. But, there were few datas about Ibandronate (Bonviva®) treatment in Korea. We evaluated the effect of Ibandronate (Bonviva®) therapy on bone mass and compared the effectivity on bone mineral density (BMD) in 1-year treatment groupObjectivesThe aim of the study is to assess the effect of 1-year treatment with Ibandronate (Bonviva®) on bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis.MethodsThe BMD was assessed in 118 postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoporosis from March 2007 to January 2011, 42 patents who treated with 2.5 mg per day of Ibandronate (Bonviva®) were enrolled to study. BMD of lumbar spine (L2-L4) and femur was assessed by dual energy absortiometry at baseline, 12 months after treatment.ResultsThe annual BMD of the lumbar spine showed a 9.11% increase, while also positive changes were noted in the proximal femur as a 1.89% increase. The BMD changes were 11% (L: Lumbar spine) and 1.1% (F: Femur) for the T-scores <-4.0, 6.3% (L) and 0.9% (F) for the T-scores -3.0∼-4.0, and 3.8% (L) and 0.5% (F) for the T-scores >-3.0 respectively.ConclusionsThis study suggests that Ibandronate (Bonviva®) treatment in postmenopausal women with osteopenia or osteoposis is effective in terms of improving BMD.References Llewellyn-Jones D. Osteoporosis. In: Burger H, Boulet M editors. A portrait of the menopause: expert reports on medical and therapeutic strategies for the 1990s. Lancs: The Parthenon Publishing Group 83–103, 1991.Kanis JA, Melton LJ III, Chistiansen C, Johnston CC, KhaltaevN. The diagnosis of osteoporosis. J Bone Miner Res 9:1137–1141, 1994. Disclosure of InterestNone declared
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