LiFePO4 nanocrystalline particles were synthesized using microwave assisted polyol process within a fast reaction time of 20 minutes without any further heating as a post step. The synthesized LiFePO4 nanocrystalline particles showed mono-dispersed rod and orthorhombic-like shapes with a size of 60 approximately 180 nm. The refined X-ray diffraction pattern of the sample was indexed well to the olivine crystal structure (space group: Pnma) without any impurity phases. The LiFePO4 nanocrystalline particles show a capacity of 161 mAh/g in a voltage range of 2.5-4.2 V with a current density of 0.1 mA/cm2 without any observable capacity fading in extended cycles of 100th. A cyclic voltammetry analysis exhibits distinctly sharp peaks corresponding to the typical LiFePO4/FePO4 redox couples and demonstrates a good reversibility of the sample.
There is an increasing emergence of antibiotic-resistant Vibrio alginolyticus, a zoonotic pathogen that causes mass mortality in aquatic animals as well as human infection; therefore, there is a demand for alternatives to antibiotics for treatment and prevention of infections caused by this pathogen. One possibility is through the exploitation of bacteriophages. In the present study, the bacteriophage pVa-21 belonging to Myoviridae, was isolated and characterized as a candidate biocontrol agent against V. alginolyticus. Its morphology, host range and infectivity, growth characteristics, planktonic or biofilm lytic property, stability under various conditions, and genome were investigated. Its latent period and burst size were estimated to be approximately 70 min and 58 plaque-forming units/cell, respectively. In addition, phage pVa-21 could inhibit bacterial growth both in the planktonic and biofilm state. Furthermore, phylogenetic and genome analyses revealed that the phage is closely related to ‘phiKZ-like phages’ and can be classified as a new member of the phiKZ-like phages that infect bacteria belonging to the family Vibrionaceae.
12Background 13 Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) is the major outdoor allergen for spring pollinosis and 14 seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) caused by JCP is the most common disease in Jeju Island, 15South Korea and in Japan. Prior to our research, JCP counts were strongly temperature 16 dependent and were significantly associated with the JCP sensitization rate and JC 17 pollinosis. This event may still be ongoing due to the effects of global climate change, 18 such as increasing temperature. 19 20
Methods and Finding 21For these reasons, we are studying the correlation among increasing temperatures, the 22 JCP counts in the atmosphere and the JCP sensitization rate. 23 24
Conclusions 25In this study, our data show that increasing temperatures in January and April might lead 26 to earlier and longer JCP seasons and that earlier and longer JCP seasons lead to an 27 increase in the JCP sensitization rate, which influences the prevalence of JC pollinosis. 28 129 130
Author Contributors 131Conceptualization: Keun Hwa Lee.
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