Mapping the distribution of populations has become an important issue in geographical and relative researchers. Combining population and spatial data allows for socio-graphic information to be visualized, in order to evaluate the total numbers of people at risk of environmental health hazards, who have died in natural disasters etc. Therefore, spatial distribution of population data is an effective way to integrate statistical and spatial data. This paper presents a multi-factor data fusion modeling method for population estimation, which is based on spatial relationships that determine the factors affecting population distribution. The factors that have a strong correlation with population distribution in the Hebei Province were extracted using Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Their standardized weight coefficients were factored as weight coefficients of population distribution in a given spatial unit. The unit (1 km × 1 km) population database was established, allowing for the computation of the relevant population data error. The accuracy of the map was then assessed by comparing predicted population data with that collected from the local government. The results show that the population correlated with geographical factors. The population of the Hebei Province was distributed heterogeneously, increasing from the northwest to southeast. There was relatively low population density in the Taihang Mountains in the west and in the Yanshan Mountains in the northeast, with less than 100 people per square kilometer. The population density in the central Hebei Province was higher, with about 2,000 people per square kilometer, which was higher and denser than that in Handan, Shijiazhuang, Langfang, and Tangshan. These findings may be important for data mining (DM), Decision-making Support Systems (DSS), and regional sustainable development.
In order to quantitatively analyze the spatial interaction among regions, a new approach on reconstruction of intercity spatial interactional model based on spatial traffic system accessibility was proposed in this paper. Multi-indicators were used to comprehensively measure urban quality instead of a single demographic or economic index. Time distance combined with traffic distance was made as the final distance instead of Euclidean distance. The coefficient of the model is modified considering the proportion of passenger quantity and freight capacity, and the shortest travel time and so on. And then an example of reconstruction of intercity gravity model in Shandong Province has been done. The results showed that Qingdao has the most comprehensive strength, while Jinan has the highest spatial interaction. Although the comprehensive development level of a city has a great influence on its radiation capacity, the accessibility of the transportation system between cities also plays a certain role. The results prove that traffic accessibility has a guide significance to the spatial interaction among regions, and the new model is fit for the actual than the older one. It is a reasonable and effective method to analysis and research the capability of spatial interaction among cities.
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