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Measurements of the chemical composition of fog water at Murododaira (altitude, 2,450 m), on the western slope of Mt. Tateyama near the coast of the Japan Sea, were performed during the summers of 2004 and 2008. Strong acidic fogs (pH < 4) containing high concentrations of nssSO 4 2were observed in 2008, when the air mass at Mt. Tateyama originated mainly from the polluted regions of Asia. The mean ionic concentrations in the summer of 2008 were higher than those in the autumn from 2004 to 2007. The ratio of NO 3 -/nssSO 4 2in fog water was relatively high in 2004, when the air mass originated from central and western Japan. Transport processes of air pollution may significantly influence the chemical characteristics of fog water at Mt. Tateyama.

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Seasonal variations of water temperature, electric conductivity, and oxygen isotope and chemical composition of shallow groundwaters and river waters were determined in the Sho River alluvial fan, western Toyama Prefecture, Japan, to examine groundwater heat utilization for indoor climate control. Samples were collected at 31 sites every 2 months for 1 year and at 11 representative sites monthly. In addition, the results of monthly precipitation amount and oxygen isotope composition of precipitation collected within the region during the same period were also taken into account. The sources of the shallow groundwaters are a mixture of river water and precipitation. The contribution of precipitation to groundwater is generally small along the Sho River but reaches as much as 80% along the Oyabe River and in the south and west of the alluvial fan. Though the origin of the groundwater differs regionally, water temperature is fixed at around 15 °C throughout the year in the northern part of the alluvial fan, and open-type ground source heat pump systems can be used for cooling and heating there, if adequate quantitative aquifer properties (exploitable groundwater amounts) are present.

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No abstract

Seasonal variation of water temperature, electric conductivity, and oxygen isotope composition was determined in the Sho River alluvial fan, western Toyama Prefecture, to examine groundwater heat utilization for indoor climate control. Samples were collected at 31 sites every 2 months for 1 year and at 11 representative sites monthly. The groundwater sources are a mixture of river water and precipitation. The contribution of precipitation to groundwater is generally small along the Sho River but reaches as much as 80% along the Oyabe River and in the south and west of the alluvial fan. Though the origin of the groundwater differs regionally, water temperature is fixed at about 15°C throughout the year in the northern part of the alluvial fan, and open ground source heat pump systems can be used for cooling and heating there.