[Purpose] The aim of this study was to investigate the definition of social participation and its evaluation indices in the context of rehabilitation. [Subjects and Methods] A qualitative systematic literature review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses of studies that reported the definition of and evaluated social participation. The search terms chosen were "rehabilitation", "social participation," and related words. To interpret and characterize the content of social participation in each study, similar definitions and evaluation indices were integrated using a text analysis. [Results] In previous studies, "activities in terms of work, household, and leisure" and "have a role at work or in the family" have been defined as social participation. The evaluation indices were different depending on the definitions of social participation. [Conclusion] The present study showed that the definitions of social participation vary, and that it is necessary to choose evaluation indices according to these definitions.
[Purpose] To investigate how well rehabilitation is described in Japanese clinical
practice guidelines of various diseases or disorders requiring rehabilitation.
[Participants and Methods] Clinical practice guidelines were extracted from the MINDS
database (Japan Council for Quality Health Care). Japanese clinical practice guidelines of
specific diseases or disorders requiring rehabilitation were included. The exclusion
criteria were clinical practice guidelines on the procedure, symptoms, and/or medical
examination. To select the clinical practice guidelines of diseases or disorders requiring
rehabilitation, eight participants evaluated the need for rehabilitation for the disease
or disorder through the modified Delphi method. They graded the necessity of
rehabilitation from 1 to 9 (1, completely disagree; 9, completely agree). The clinical
practice guidelines that had grades 7 or higher as the median were included in the
analyses. Systematic reviews were compiled as an indicator of the extent to which
rehabilitation is described in clinical practice guidelines. [Results] Forty-four clinical
practice guidelines were selected, and 26 (59.1%) included descriptions of rehabilitation.
There were 443 existing systematic reviews related to rehabilitation for each disease or
disorder enrolled in the present study and 67 (15.1%) systematic reviews quoted in those
guidelines. [Conclusion] Rehabilitation was not well described in the clinical practice
guidelines of the diseases or disorders that require rehabilitation.
The enhancement of the results of scientific research, in order to impressively present the impact of studies, is called "SPIN". The aim of this study was to investigate the SPIN of randomized controlled trials in rehabilitation. [Subjects and Methods] The literature was searched using the Medline database. Research articles not clarifying the primary outcome in the main text and significant effects in the primary outcome were excluded. The extracted papers were evaluated for SPIN as specific reporting strategies, such as stressing the treatment is beneficial, despite a statistically non-significant difference for the primary outcome, or to distract the reader from statistically non-significant results. [Results] The Abstracts of 32/42 papers (76.2%) were judged to contain SPIN, as were 20/42 (47.6%) Results in the main text. [Conclusion]: The results of the present study should be a warning to paper readers against judging clinical decision-making from only the Abstract or Results of the main text in randomized controlled trials in rehabilitation.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors related to the care burden of stroke survivor's caregivers, as reported by previous studies. [Subjects and Methods] Studies concerning the factors related to the care burden of stroke survivor's caregivers were extracted from two electronic databases and their contents were comprehensively identified via a systematic review. [Results] In total, 78 studies were identified, of which 7 were analyzed. Adverse factors related to the care burden included the worsening of caregivers' mental state, and a lack of adequate social support. No association between this burden and the ability to carry out activities of daily living was found. [Conclusion] A worsening of mental state of the caregiver and poor social support appear to be factors amplifying the care burden felt by cargivers.
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