Lactating adenoma is an uncommon palpable breast lesion occurring in the late pregnancy or lactation period and is commonly found in young primiparous women in the second or third decade of life. Although a benign condition, sometimes, core biopsy is required to exclude malignancy. Approximately 3% of all breast cancers occur in women who are pregnant; and hence, a breast mass in this group of women must be investigated. The main differential diagnosis for a palpable solid breast mass is lobular hyperplasia which is a normal physiological event, fibroadenoma, focal mastitis, lactating adenoma, tubular adenoma, phyllodes tumor, and breast carcinoma. Here, we present a case of lactating adenoma of the breast at 6 months’ postpartum in a 24-year-old primiparous woman.
Genital tuberculosis (GTB) is uncommon, and the most common genital sites of tuberculous infection are epididymis and prostate; isolated testicular TB is extremely rare, comprising only 3% of GTB. The usual modes of genital involvement include descending infection from the kidneys, intracanalicular or direct extension from neighboring foci in the genital tract, and hematogenous dissemination. Ultrasonography (USG) and USG-guided fine-needle aspiration cytology of testicular swelling may confirm the diagnosis of GTB. Anti-TB chemotherapy is the mainstay of treatment to ensure the complete resolution of the lesion. Infertility in GTB is a result of obstruction at the terminal portion of the ejaculatory duct, resulting in dilatation of the proximal ductal system including the vas deferens preventing seminal vesicle secretions from reaching the ejaculate. Seminal vesicle secretions make up the bulk of the ejaculate, contain fructose, and alkalinize the ejaculate, and with obstruction, patients present with azoospermia or aspermia. Here, we present a rare case of extensive primary GTB in a 36-year-old male.
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