Abstract. The power generation and loading dynamic responses of a 2.2 m diameter horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) under some of the IEC 61400-1 transient extreme operational conditions, more specifically extreme wind shears (EWSs) and extreme operational gust (EOG), that were reproduced at the WindEEE Dome at Western University were investigated. The global forces were measured by a multi-axis force balance at the HAWT tower base. The unsteady horizontal shear induced a significant yaw moment on the rotor with a dynamic similar to that of the extreme event without affecting the power generation. The EOG severely affected all the performance parameters of the turbine.
Abstract. In this study, the possibility of simulating some transient and deterministic extreme operational conditions for horizontal axis wind turbines based on the IEC 61400-1 standard in the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome at Western University was investigated. There are 60 fans (a matrix of 4 by 15 with 0.8 m diameter each) on one of the walls of this hexagonal wind tunnel for creating straight flows which the power set-points for each fan can be specified individually. In addition, these fans have adjustable Inlet Guiding Vanes (IGV) that can be controlled uniformly across all of the fans. Using these capabilities, experiments were carried out for the Extreme Operational Gust (EOG), positive and negative Extreme Vertical Shear (EVS), and Extreme Horizontal Shear (EHS) cases, tailored for a 2.2 m HAWT scaled turbine. This study started by developing a numerical model for the test chamber, then using it to tune the fan setups for each extreme condition with proper scaling. Physical experiments then carried out using those settings, then a comparison made between the flow field time history and the prescribed conditions from the standard. The comparisons show promising results, this can be a contribution to future scholars investigating the interaction of the HAWT with these conditions in physical experiments.
Abstract. In this study, the possibility of simulating some transient and
deterministic extreme operational conditions for horizontal axis wind
turbines based on the IEC 61400-1 standard using 60 individually controlled
fans in the Wind Engineering, Energy and Environment (WindEEE) Dome at
Western University was investigated. Experiments were carried out for the
extreme operational gust (EOG), positive and negative extreme vertical shear
(EVS), and extreme horizontal shear (EHS) cases, tailored for a scaled 2.2 m
horizontal axis wind turbine. For this purpose, firstly a numerical model
for the test chamber was developed and used to obtain the fans'
configurations for simulating each extreme condition with appropriate
scaling prior to the physical experiments. The results show the capability
of using numerical modelling to predict the fans' setup based on which
physical simulations can generate IEC extreme conditions in the range of
interest.
Abstract. The power performance and loading dynamic responses of a 2.2 m scaled horizontal axis wind turbine (HAWT) under the IEC 61400-1 transient operational extreme conditions were investigated. Extreme wind shears (EWS) and extreme operational gust (EOG) inflow conditions, generated in the WindEEE dome at Western University. The global forces were measured by a multi axis force balance at the HAWT tower base. The unsteady horizontal shear induced a significant yaw moment on the rotor with similar dynamic loads as the extreme event with no serious effect on the power generation. The EOG severely affected all the performance parameters of the turbine which were highly dependent on the operational TSR and the time duration of the event.
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