To study the effect of Probiotic (Saccharomyces cervisiae) supplementation in pre-ruminant (0-3 months age) buffalo calves, twenty buffalo calves were divided into two groups of ten calves each according to their body weight. One group was the control while the other group was supplemented with bacteria Saccharomyces cervisiae-containing Probiotic @ 15g/calf/d in milk for a period of two months under field condition. Fortnightly growth rate of calves revealed that the effect of Saccharomyces cervisiae was more effective (P<0.01) during first month of supplementation but could not sustain in the second month. Never the less, probiotic supplementation led to an overall improvement (P<0.05) in the growth rate of buffalo calves. It also helped in preventing occurrence of diarrhea and reduced mortality during early stage of life.
Background: Thyroid cancer presenting with cervical lymphadenopathy as a sole occurrence is uncommon. It usually presents as a palpable thyroid mass or nodule. Isolated cervical lymphadenopathy is rare and hence poses a diagnostic challenge. Fine needle aspiration-cytology (FNAC) or biopsy are important modalities which help establish the origin.Case Report: Two cases of lateral cervical lymphadenopathy with no other specific clinical findings were encountered within a span of two weeks with different clinical backgrounds. First to present was a 28 year old young male with a months' history of lateral cervical swelling. Later a 58 year old male also presented without any history of overt primary thyroid carcinoma. FNAC in both the cases confirmed presence of metastasis from occult primary papillary cancer thyroid. Following this ultrasonography neck was performed which revealed a solid-cystic mass in both the cases. In the younger male an ill-defined solid nodule with microcacifications was identified in the left thyroid lobe while in the case of elderly male; thyroid gland was normal. Subsequently both underwent total thyroidectomy with left neck dissection and histologically proven primary papillary thyroid cancer was found. Conclusion:Posterior cervical lymphadenopathy occurring primarily as a result of papillary carcinoma thyroid is rare.
Semen production data comprising of 55071 ejaculates of 144 bulls from Mehsana buffalo breed was analysed. The traits under study were semen volume, sperm concentration, initial sperm motility, post-thaw sperm motility and number of semen doses per ejaculate. The objective of the present study was to assess the effect of various factors affecting semen production traits and measure the semen production potential of Mehsana buffalo bulls. Data collected of semen production traits were analysed using linear mixed model, including a random effect of bull along with fixed effect of various non-genetic factors like farm, ejaculate number, season of birth, period of birth, season of semen collection and period of semen collection. First ejaculation had higher semen volume and sperm concentration resulted in to higher number of semen doses but semen quality was better in second ejaculation. Season of birth of the bull was affecting semen quality traits. As the period of birth advances semen volume increases whereas sperm concentration decreases which reflected in persistent production of number of semen doses per ejaculate. Monsoon and summer were favorable seasons for semen collection because of higher sperm concentration which resulted in to higher semen doses per ejaculate. Additionally, Monsoon collected semen had highest volume. Hence, monsoon followed by summer season would be the favorable season for semen collection. Period of semen collection affecting all the semen production traits under study but it did not have specific trend which means managemental and environmental changes over the period have sizable influence on the traits. Results of the study will help to plan future managemental practices and breeding strategies to improve semen production traits.
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