COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the Indian agricultural system extensively. Nevertheless, the recent quarterly GDP estimates post-COVID scenario showcase robustness and resilience in Indian agriculture, the only sector to register a positive growth of 3.4% during the financial year (FY here after) 2020–21 (Quarter 1: April 2020 to June 2020). At the same time, the immediate past quarter growth was estimated at 5.9% witnessing a decline by 2.5% point. In this context, we aim to synthesize the early evidence of the COVID-19 impact on the Indian agricultural system viz., production, marketing and consumption followed by a set of potential strategies to recover and prosper post-pandemic. Survey findings indicate that the pandemic has affected production and marketing through labour and logistical constraints, while the negative income shock restricted access to markets and increased prices of food commodities affecting the consumption pattern. The pandemic wreaked a substantial physical, social, economic and emotional havoc on all the stakeholders of Indian agricultural system. Seizing the crisis as an opportunity, the state announced a raft of measures and long-pending reforms. We propose a 10-point strategy ranging from social safety nets, family farming, monetizing buffer stock, staggered procurement to secondary agriculture to revive and prosper post-pandemic.
East and South-eastern coastal plain zone of Odisha was purposively selected for conducting study. After complete enumeration, farms were categorized into small, medium and large categories on the basis of milch animals using cumulative square root frequency method. A total of 120 peri-urban dairy farms were selected from two towns namely Bhubaneswar town (Khorda district) and Cuttack town (Cuttack district). Budgeting technique was used to estimate costs and returns. Capital recovery cost method was used to evaluate fixed costs and variable costs were also evaluated for estimation. From the analysis it was concluded that crossbred cows were more profitable as compared to buffaloes. Milk productivity and returns from per litre milk of crossbred cow were more than buffalo. Concentrate feeding constitute major share in total feeding expenditure. Among different herd size categories of dairy farms, large farms were getting more profit per litre of milk than medium and small farms. Cost elasticity was estimated using Cobb-Douglas production function showed a negative relationship between per unit cost and milk yield.
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