Harvesting energy with piezoelectric nanoparticles enables the development of self-powered devices. PVDF has been widely used in a variety of fields due to its superior piezoelectric properties. PVDF's piezoelectric performance is affected by the presence of polar phase in the crystalline structure. The electrospinning process was used in this study to achieve high β phase ratios in the PVDF crystalline structure using various additives (graphene, boron nitride (BN), and quartz (SiO2)). The Taguchi experimental design method was used to determine the most significant parameters affecting β phase content from seven factors, as well as the optimal levels of the significant factors. The FT-IR, XRD, SEM, EDX and DSC analyses were used to characterize the composite PVDF nanofiber mats produced under optimal conditions, and the output voltage was measured using an oscilloscope. The composite PVDF nanofiber mat with the highest β phase concentration demonstrated a maximum output voltage of 8.68 V under optimal conditions, indicating that it outperformed than pure PVDF under equal electrospinning conditions.
Diesel oil sorption capacities (DOSCs) of polybenzoxazole/polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber mats with four different groups (‐O‐, ‐S‐S‐, phenylene and diphenylene) in the main chain structures were investigated. Different experimental duration and diesel‐oil/tap‐water volume ratio pairs were used for diesel oil sorption. No degradation was observed in the nanofiber mat structures after diesel oil sorption. The characterizations of polybenzoxazole (PBO) nanofibers with high diesel oil selectivity were performed by scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, x‐ray diffraction, thermal gravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), and contact angle measurement analysis. According to the result of characterizations, superoleophilic and superhydrophobic nanofiber mats show high water contact angle value in the range of 132–140∘ and show high separation efficiency. In this study, we integrated ensemble gradient boosting model (XGBoost) to predict the DOSC of sorbent nanofiber and obtain an optimal set of conditions to maximize the DOSC. The predicted PBO‐E sorbent at the 0.5 ratio of diesel‐oil/tap‐water measured at the end of the 3rd minute showed the most reliable and stable diesel oil sorption with at least 9.39 and at most 12.33 g/g sorbent with 95% of confidence.
The use of ionic liquids (IL) and nanoparticles in polymeric membranes is known to increase the electrochemical performance for heavy metal ions must be eliminated from water resources. In this study at first, NiFe2O4 and Fe3O4 nanoparticles were obtained using cationic surfactants cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) at 120°C in autoclave. Hybrid structure of this nanoparticles obtained by the method known as the hydrothermal was prepared with polybenzimidazole (Poly[2,21‐(p‐phenylene)‐5,51‐bis(benzimidazole)]: PBI1 and (Poly[2,21‐(p,p1‐diphenylene)‐5,51‐bis(benzimidazole)]: PBI2) in IL (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide [BMIM]BF4: IL) environment. For the acquisition of hybrid nanoparticles with polybenzimidazole, polycondensation reaction of hydroxamoyl chloride (Terephtalohydroxamoyl chloride and 4,41‐Bis(phenylhydroxamoyl chloride) and 3,31‐diaminobenzidine monomers in IL environment was performed without acid media. The increase in proton conduction in comparison to the PBI membranes were observed due to the presence of ILs in PBI‐ILs blend membranes. These nanohybrids were characterized by the FT‐IR, XRD, TEM, EDX, at different temperature, vibrating sample magnetometer, and SEM analyses. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and X‐ray diffraction, and the hybrid microspheres were found uniformly dispersed in the polymer matrices without any agglomeration. The influence of [BMIM]BF4 as IL on the structure, electrical conductivity and magnetic properties of PBI‐NiFe2O4‐IL nanocomposite were studied in detail. TGA analyses were performed for thermal resistance of nanoparticles and PBI hybrid structure. Tinitial, Tmax, and Tlast decomposition temperatures were determined, initial decomposition temperature was obtained in the range of 420–600°C for hybrid structures. POLYM. COMPOS., 39:4372–4385, 2018. © 2017 Society of Plastics Engineers
In the present study, magnetite nanoparticles were added to an electrospinning solution of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)/polybenzimidazole (PBI) polymers to prepare PBI/Fe3O4 nanofibers (NFs). The operating voltage of the electrospinning device was set to 15 kV, the distance between the needle and the plate was 10 cm, and the feed rate was set to 0.3 mL h−1. The microstructures of the as-prepared NFs were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry, atomic force microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and vibration sample magnetometry. Magnetite-doped PVDF/PBI NFs exhibited superior magnetism and saturation magnetization in the range of 1.5–5 emu g−1. It was observed that the thermal resistance of the fibers increased with the increasing amount of magnetic particles and nanocomposite fiber (NCF) 1 and NCF2 exhibited excellent thermal resistance up to 415°C and 450°C, respectively. The heat conduction coefficient of the fibers was measured at 4, 6, and 8 W. The thermal conductivity of the NFs increased with the increasing amount of magnetite nanoparticles, and the highest thermal conductivity coefficient for NCF2 (1.83 W mK−1) was measured at 4 W.
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