Present study was carried out to assess efficacy of bio agents and organic ITK’s against post flowering stalk rot at Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan during 2019–20. The results of in vitro studies revealed that Trichoderma viride (65%) significantly inhibited the mycelium growth of Fusarium verticillioides. In field conditions, T. viride showed low disease rating 3.0, low per cent disease incidence (25.20%) and high efficacy of disease control (62.27%) with good grain yield 1191 g/plot against the pathogen at 2% concentrations. Maize growers can protect their crop from this disease by using the sustainable, environmentally friendly disease control strategies that were found in our study.
Curvularia leaf spot of maize (Zea mays L.) caused by Curvularia lunata var. aeria is one of serious foliar diseases of maize. An experimental conducted during 2016–17 at research farm of Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan found that Curvularia showed considerable variation in growth characteristics, colony diameter and rate of sporulation. The maximum colony diameter was 90.0 mm with 11.0 × 104 conidia/mm2. The size measurement of conidia of C. lunata-01 was in range of 60.1–91.9 μm length and width range was 16.2–23.5 μm. Length and width of isolate C. lunata-02 recorded in range of 55.6–79.5 and 14.2–22.5 μm respectively. Host range distribution showed that pathogen has a wide host range in many crops and weeds under artificial inoculation. Seed transmission results showed that Local surya exhibited higher 66.66% seeds borne inoculam while Pratap makka-3 have 40.00% seed borne inoculums of pathogen. Physiopathological studies shows that 25±2°C was optimum temperature for both the isolates. Maximum mycelial growth and sporulation was found at 90% RH followed by 80% in both the isolates. The 22.29% losses in yield due to Curvularia leaf spot was assessed by using Le Clerg model. The present study of pathogen biology could be used by plant pathologists to develop or redesign management strategies for the maize growers.
The aim behind this experiment was to know the suitability of months that gives better Biological efficiency and its sustainability with respect to yield. This research work was accomplished at the project of AICRP on medicinal mushroom unit in Department of Plant Pathology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur during the months of November to April in the natural climatic conditions, where the temperature and the relative humidity of cropping room ranged between 9-24°C and 60-80%, respectively. This work tells you about the best time for spawning to standardize the cultivation technology of Pleurotus eryngii in Zone IV a (Udaipur region) as well as in Rajasthan. Out of four different months (November, December, January and February) tested for spawning, the fastest mycelial run and pinhead initiation occurred in December and January months whereas, maximum B.E.% was observed in the month of December followed by November. Hence, it clearly indicates that the best suited time for cultivating King Oyster (Pleurotus eryngii) Mushroom is during winter months of the year.
Maize (Zea mays L.) is the vital cereal crop around the world and is the third wide grown cereal crop in India for food grain purposes. Field surveys were conducted from 2019–2020 recorded stalk rot incidence ranged from 23–50% in several maize growing districts of Southern Rajasthan, India. On the basis of primary symptoms, typical symptoms were observed after flowering season and it starts with the drying of the lower leaves and premature wilting, internal decay and discoloration of stalk tissue, lower internodes turned into grey-green color and stalks are hollow and weak leading to the lodging of the plant and directly reducing maize yield. We identified associated pathogens with post flowering stalk rot disease severity and incidence and Fusarium considered as major threat in all the maize growing regions. Consequently, in this research, identification was confirmed as “Fusarium spp”. by morphological and molecular sequence analysis. “Fusarium” species associated with stalk rot incidence were isolated on PDA. No. of 12 fungal isolates were isolated from Post Flowering Stalk Rot complex from different localities. All Isolates were identified as Fusarium, based on colony character, conidial and morphological characters. However, identification of 10 primarily selected isolates of Fusarium was confirmed by molecular characterization. Based on morphological characteristics, 10 isolates were classified as F. verticillioides (5 isolates) and 2 isolates as Fusarium proliferatum, 1 isolate of Fusarium luffae, 1 isolate of Fusarium pallidoroseum and 1 isolate of Fusarium oxysporum. Colony diameter of isolates ranged between 65.80 to 90 mm. All the ten isolates of Fusarium spp. showed notable variations in conidial morphology. Molecular variability of the ten isolates was carried out by choosing 10 RAPD markers of Operon series. Ten primers produced scorable bands with high percentage of the polymorphism (91.1%). Similarity coefficient among all these isolates of Fusarium spp. based on amplifying DNA using RAPD primers was estimated using Jaccard coefficient of similarity and thus similarity matrix was generated (62.5–85.4%). Dendrogram was constructed based on molecular data generated by 10 RAPD primers using NTSYS Pc (numerical taxonomic and multivariate analysis system) version 2.02.e UPGMA clusters analysis grouped Fusarium spp. isolates into two clusters with 0.32% similarity coefficient.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.