Arsenic found in agriculture water reservoirs represents a threat to water security and safe agricultural products in developing countries. Small farms do not implement traditional water treatments due to the high cost; hence, a nature-based solution is an alternative to tackling this challenge. This paper investigated the potential of artificial floating island with Vetiver (AFIV) for the geogenic arsenic removal present in the reservoir of the Ilinizas páramo in Ecuador. We constructed two AFIV systems using PVC pipes in a reservoir batch type with a 3.6 m3 treatment capacity. Arsenic and iron were analyzed in duplicated every 30 days at the affluent and effluent through 120 days. The average remediation of arsenic was recorded as 97% in water and 84% in sediment, while the average remediation of iron was 87% in sediment. The survival rate of macrophytes was 92%; they accumulated arsenic in its roots that acted as a barrier against the translocation. The research demonstrated that the use of AFIV has the potential to rehabilitate reservoirs contaminated with arsenic under adverse climatic conditions such as the páramo ecosystem.
Water is the main way arsenic (As) can ge tinto the human body causing irreversible health damage such as poisoning, skin lesions and various types of cancer. One strategy for addressing pollution of arsenic in aquatic ecosystems is artificial floating islands (IFA) using Vetiver grass (Chrysopogon zizanioides). The objective of this study was to review 45 publications on the fundamentals of construction, implementation, description of decontamination mechanisms, characterization of macrophyte species and final disposal of plant material. Also, some mathematical models that can be applied to quantify removal rates and system efficiency were reviewed. Based on the literature reviewed, it is concluded that Vetiver grass is an effective alternative in removing As and its effect can be amplified by implementing an artificial floating bed. The importance of this relatively new ecotechnology requires further research in the field.
Se evaluaron seis métodos de completación de datos faltantes: razón q, razones de distancia, promedios vecinales, regresión lineal, distancia inversa ponderada (IDW) y método del vector regional (MVR); para conocer su aplicabilidad en la Subcuenca del Río Patate (SRP). La escala temporal de análisis fue mensual y comprendió un período entre 1995-2003, en seis estaciones ubicadas dentro del área de estudio. La evaluación de los métodos se realizó mediante diferentes índices que miden el ajuste de los valores observados a los simulados. Los índices utilizados fueron: índice de Nash, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson (R2), coeficiente de determinación (CD) y el error típico. Los resultados demuestran una gran heterogeneidad en los diferentes métodos, siendo el MVR el que mejor resultados presenta para las estaciones: Rumipamba, Querochaca, Cusubamba y Tisaleo. Sin embargo, los resultados para las estaciones Pastocalle y Tisaleo no permitieron seleccionar un método debido al bajo rendimiento de los índices evaluados.
Palabras clave: Subcuenca del río Patate, completación de datos, precipitación, vector regional.
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