This project presents the experimental study on self-compacting concrete (SCC) with replacement of cement by various percentage of Silica Fume and Fly Ash. The main objective is to determine the Flexural strength, Compressive strength and Split tensile strength of Self compacting concrete by partial replacement of cement by Silica Fume and Fly Ash. The use of fly ash in concrete today is an important subject and is of growing importance day by day. Using fly ash in concrete many provide both economic advantages and enhanced properties in the production of concrete. The addition of super plasticizer increases the workability of concrete. The work involves making seven types of SCCs mixes. For each mix preparation, twenty-one cube specimens, twenty-one-cylinder specimens and twenty-one beam specimens are cast and cured. The specimens are cured in water for 7 days, 14 days and 21 days. The results show that SCC with 5% SF and 10% gives higher values of Compressive strength, Split Tensile strength and Flexural Strength compared to other percentages of Silica Fume and Fly Ash. According to the SCC result, various percentages of AR Glass Fiber (0.1% to 0.4%) added with the optimum SCC (5% of SF+ 10% of FA) and super plasticizer is mixed with optimum SCC. After each mix proportion, specimens are cast and cured for 28 days in water and hardened properties are determined. The results show that the higher the percentage of glass fiber, the higher the values of concrete Compressive strength, Split Tensile Strength and Flexural Strength.
Clean and healthy environmental maintenance is very important for sustainable development. Prevention and reduction of pollution, and reuse, and recycling of materials are some of the best practices of environmental management. Environmental monitoring is a systematic method of sampling air, water, soil and biota and assessing their quality and characteristics. The environmental monitoring process includes establishing a baseline of exposure, correlating with contamination source, estimating concentration changes of pollutants and extracting the information from collected data. This information can be used as input for the design of treatment plants; to check for compliance with standards, preventive measures of hazards, etc., the monitoring methods are categorized as ground-based sampling and measurements, a simulation model-based monitoring, and satellite monitoring. Ground-based monitoring provides accurate results, whereas simulation models give prior information about the prediction of pollutant levels, and satellite monitoring details environmental quality over a greater areal extend. Monitoring can also be subdivided into source and ambient environmental monitoring. IoT-based smart environmental monitoring is gaining more attraction nowadays with the advent of technology. It makes the labor-intensive process a simple one. The chapter explains the different IoT components/architectures of monitoring various applications related to air, water, and soil quality. Application of IoT is not only limited to the Sestriere sources but also monitoring of forest fires, analysis, and prediction of climate change patterns, early warning systems of natural disasters, monitoring levels of snowfall, etc.
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