Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) are multipotent cells, similar to mesenchymal stem cells obtained with the ceiling culture method for mature adipocytes. In this study, we tried to generate induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells by transducing Yamanaka factors into human DFATs and compared the induction efficiency with that in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Using the Sendai virus vector, Yamanaka factors were transfected into DFATs to induce iPS cell colonies. HDFs and human neonatal foreskin-derived fibroblasts (BJs) were used as controls, and iPS cells were similarly induced. After embryoid bodies had developed from the induced iPS cell colonies, the ability to differentiate into three germ layers in vitro was evaluated immunohistologically. In addition, the induced iPS cell colonies were stained with alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and the number of positive colonies was measured over time to analyze the iPS cell induction efficiency. In the DFAT-derived iPS cell colonies, 25 embryonic stem cell markers examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction were expressed. Immunostaining showed strongly positive findings for Nanog, Oct3/4, SSEA-3, and TRA1-60. The induced embryoid body tissue was positive for the three germ layer markers. The induction efficiency of iPS cell colonies was significantly higher in DFATs than in BJs and HDFs. DFATs were found to be more efficient for inducing iPS cell colonies than dermal fibroblasts, a standard source of iPS cells.
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