This study concerns with investigation and analysis of hugely available, cost effective filler, obtained by grinding the Moringa oleifera leaves and its reinforcement in epoxy composites for semi-structural applications. In this work, this novel filler is characterized by compositional analysis, FTIR, AFM, SEM, XRD, and TGA, along with the calculation of activation energy from two integral methods. To understand the interfacial surface chemistry of the fiber, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) is also carried out. The size of filler was kept at 300 to 500 μm, and composites were prepared with five different loadings ranging from 5% to 25% using hand layup method of fabrication. The effect of varying loadings of filler on water uptake, mechanical, morphological, and thermal properties of its epoxy composites has been evaluated. Composites possess improved water resistance, tensile and flexural strengths in comparison with neat epoxy for an optimum loading of 20%, that is, 37 MPa. FWO and KAS methods are used to calculate the apparent activation energy of fillers. The apparent activation energy calculated from these methods comes to be 220 and 222 kJ/mol. The crystallinity index comes to be 55% which is comparable with other fibers. Approximately 12% increment in tensile strength and 10% in flexural strength takes place compared with neat epoxy at optimum fiber loading of 20%.
The present work focuses on surface functionalization, characterization, biodegradability and barrier properties of MOSF as a practicable reinforcement in PVA matrix. Film-forming dispersions at different concentrations of alkali and acid treatments were casted at room temperature. The effect of surface modifications on the developed film’s compositional, physical, mechanical, biodegradability and barrier properties were analyzed. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to describe the functional composition, formation and surface morphology of the film. The 5% acid treated film significantly increases the tensile strength (33.69 MPa) and flexural strength (56.612 MPa), which was close to the frequently used LDPE and HDPE package films. Composite films were moisture absorptive but simultaneously capable to maintain uniformity and composition upon modifications. Lower water vapor permeability (1.42 × 10−10gs−1 m−1 Pa−1), eminent biodegradability proved the suitability of composite film for various packaging applications.
The increasing use of composite components in various engineering disciplines necessitates detailed comprehension of their operation. When subjected to adverse environmental circumstances, such as variable humid surroundings and UV radiations, the structural and mechanical characteristics of the composites can deteriorate. Additionally, using these composite materials for structural applications such as rooftop buildings or household properties may reduce lifespan. In this study, the static and dynamic mechanical properties and the stability of novel lignocellulosic Moringa stenopetala (MS) husk fiber‐based epoxy composites exposed to various environmental factors were assessed. These harsh conditions were picked to imitate those encountered outside and influence the longevity of these composites. The obtained fiber from the husk was examined for its physiological, structural, and thermal characteristics. Using the Broido, Kissinger, Flynn‐Wall‐Ozawa (FWO), Coats‐Redfern and Kissinger‐Akahira‐Sunose (KAS) isoconventional models, the thermal degradation kinetics of the fibers were investigated. KAS method results in the best‐fitted curve and shows maximum activation energy of 175.13 KJ/mol. After husk fiber assessment, composite materials were fabricated using a Hand layup method, and their static and dynamic mechanical properties, water uptake rate, and contact angle analysis with surface energy behavior under various environmental aging circumstances were studied. In comparison to the composites “as developed,” the findings indicate that the mechanical characteristics of husk fiber‐based epoxy composites are significantly reduced by humidity and UV aging. Overall, the development of thermoset composites for structural applications can utilize husk fiber. Furthermore, after curing the water and UV‐aged composites, qualities can be recovered.
Aim and objectives: To evaluate and compare the effects of topical application of metrogyl ointment, diltiazem ointment and lignocaine in the healing of chronic anal ssure (CAF). Materials and method: This Randomised controlled trial was conducted in the Department of General Surgery, Swaroop Rani Nehru Hospital, Prayagraj, after obtaining clearance from hospital Ethics Committee. The drugs were applied over thessure twice a day. Healing of the ssure in terms of complete epithelialization, and reduction of pain (measured by visual analogue score) were noted. VAS score was rated from 0-100 in terms of pain sensations as used in another similar study. Any side effects of the used drugs were recorded. The patients were followed up at 2, 4 and 8 weeks of initiation of treatment for assessing the outcomes. Results: It was noted that the VAS score were signicantly lower with Metronidazole in comparison to Lignocaine at 4 weeks; whereas at 8 weeks, it was signicantly lower in Diltiazem group as compared to Lignocaine group. There was a signicant difference in the healing between Diltiazem and Lignocaine (p=0.0006) and Metronidazole and Lignocaine (p=0.007) but no statistical difference between Diltiazem and Metronidazole (p=0.667). Headache was signicantly more in Diltiazem group (24%) and burning sensation was signicantly more with the use of Metronidazole. (p=0.022). Conclusion: Diltiazem and metronidazole are equivalent to treat anal ssures for relieving pain and healing, both of which are better in comparison to lignocaine.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.