For systematical NVH development of vehicle (especially for mass-production passenger vehicles) electric powertrain, an optimized V-Model is designed and has been implemented in the entire component-vehicle development, which integrates three individual branches: simulation, validation and optimization. Compared to the V-models in the traditional sense, this optimized V-model is not only driven by requirement and task accomplishment but also maximum optimization of NVH system performance. In this case, developing procedures are capable to be efficiently iterated and the NVH engineering can be expanded into 3D with this V-model.
Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films doped with Ag nano particles were prepared by a counter diffusion method, a precipitation process based on counter diffusion of solutions through PVA gel films. The doped-films showed plasmon spectra of Ag fine particles with an absorption band at 420 nm. The absorption shifted to a higher broad wavelength as aggregation proceeded. The film doped with aggregated Ag particles gave an enhancement of Raman scattering to an adsorbate.
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